Drying and trimming process of ceramic mug clay blanks

Xin xiang custom ceramic mug factory, the production of ceramic coffee mugs in the selection of good raw materials, raw materials will be mixed and processed, after dewatering and practicing clay. Then came to the introduction of the “billet molding” link. At this time, the prototype of the ceramic mug was formed, but not perfect, how to make the mud blank more exquisite? Then, drying and trimming the two links, is the next important step. Ceramic mugs of the role of the drying process is: to reduce the moisture in the mud, in order to prevent the firing process in the ceramic mugs cracked; repair is to make the ceramic mug size, weight and other parameters in line with customer demand, and will be ceramic mugs imperfect place for “beautification”. Therefore, these two links are very important, then how to operate, and what are the precautions? Please listen to my slow talk:

1. Drying operation guide

Purpose: to remove moisture from the body of the blank, to prevent the kiln firing burst.

1.1. Preparation before drying

- Placement of the blanks:

- Place the wet blanks of ceramic mugs (moisture content of 18%-22%) on a hollowed-out plastic tray, with the mouth of the mug facing downwards, to avoid water accumulation inside the mug.

- The blanks should be spaced ≥ 5cm apart to ensure even air circulation.

- Environmental control:

- Natural shade drying: choose a ventilated workshop without direct sunlight, humidity 60%-70% (can be monitored by hanging hygrometer).

- Drying room: preheat to 30℃, humidity set at 50% (assisted by industrial dehumidifier).

1.2 Practical operation of drying process

a. Initial drying (0-12 hours):

- Focus on removing surface moisture and observe every hour whether the billet is deformed.

- Natural drying: Close some of the vents at night to prevent a sudden drop in temperature.

- Drying room: Increase the temperature by 2℃ every hour to 40℃ and keep it stable.

b. Intermediate drying (12-24 hours):

- Turning the blanks: Place the mugs on their sides to avoid one-sided shrinkage too fast resulting in crooked mugs.

- Check the seam line: if the joint between the handle and the mug is white (difference in moisture content), gently rub the transition area with a damp sponge.

c. Final drying (24-48 hours):

- Moisture content test:

- Feeling method: touch the bottom of the cup without wet and cold feeling, fingertip flick cup wall issued a crisp “ding” sound.

- Instrumentation: infrared moisture meter detection (sampling the center of the bottom of the mug, reading ≤ 2%).

- Correction of deformation: If the mouth of the mug is slightly elliptical, it can be adjusted with the palm of the hand while the blank is slightly wet (moisture content of 5%).

1.3. Precautions

- Anti-cracking:

- Avoid direct fan blowing on the blank, give priority to natural convection.

- Thick parts of the mug (such as the root of the handle) can be wrapped with a wet cloth to slow down the drying process.

Anti-pollution: drying room filter is cleaned weekly to prevent dust from adhering to the blank.

2. Operation Guidelines for Trimming

Purpose: trimming the shape of the blank, remove burrs and seam lines.

2.1. Tool Preparation

- Wet trimming tools:

- Stainless steel scraper (blade width 10mm, thickness 0.5mm) - to cut off the parting line.

- Natural sponge (aperture 1-2mm) - to wet the joints to prevent chipping.

- Dry repair tools:

- Carbon steel trimming knife (curved tip) - trimming the curvature of the mug.

- Sandpaper (120 mesh coarse grinding, 400 mesh fine grinding) - handle polishing.

- Vacuum cleaner - real-time dust cleanup.

2.2 Wet dressing procedure (moisture content 8-12%)

a. Remove the mold line:

- Left hand fixed mug, right hand holding scraper and the wall of the cup at an angle of 30 °, along the mold line lightly scraping, strength to “see the mud flying out, not hurt the blank” prevail.

- Key point: the scraping direction is the same as the opening and closing direction of the mold (usually vertical direction).

b. Handle joints:

- Wet the joints with a sponge dipped in water, and cut the excess clay with a spatula at an angle of 45°, so as to form a smooth transition (the difference in thickness is ≤0.3mm). c. Flattening the mouth of the cup.

c. Flatten the mouth of the mug:

- Invert the mouth of the mug on the rotating disk, scraper horizontal fit the edge of the mug, rotate at a constant speed to remove burrs.

2.3 Dry repair operation steps (moisture content ≤ 2%)

a. Finishing the mouth of the mug:

- Use 400 mesh sandpaper wrapped in wood, along the inner wall of the mug clockwise sanding, to eliminate the “knife cutting edges.

- Detection standard: finger scratching the mouth of the mug without scratching, no reflective burrs under the light.

b. Foot trimming:

- Cut the bottom of the mug vertically with a carving knife to a depth of 2-3mm, forming a 45° chamfer (to prevent sticking to the kiln plate after firing).

- Sandpaper the edges of the foot until rounded (roughness Ra ≤ 6.3μm).

c. Handle polishing:

- Use toothbrush dipped in water to remove dust from the grooves of the handles, and sandpaper with 120 grit sandpaper along the grain until there is no graininess.

2.4 Quality control and problem handling

- Repair common defects:

- Fine cracks: Fill with brush dipped in mud, and partially sand after drying.

- Uneven seams: fill with mud (mud:water=3:1), re-scrape flat.

- Full inspection standard:

- Dimensional tolerance: tolerance of mug diameter ≤±0.8mm (10% sampling with vernier calipers).

- Weight deviation: weight difference of the same batch of mugs ≤ 3% (weighed by electronic scale).

3. Cleaning and quality inspection

Purpose: to ensure that the blanks are dust-free and free of defects, in preparation for glazing.

3.1. Dust removal:

- Use compressed air to blow the surface floating dust, or use a soft brush to sweep lightly.

3.2. Water immersion test:

- Immerse the blank in water for 2-3 seconds and observe whether there are bubbles (if there are, there are dark cracks).

3.3. Full inspection standard:

- Appearance: no cracks, bubbles, deformation;

- Dimension: error of mug diameter and height ≤±1.5%;

- Strength: no collapse of the mug wall when pressed by fingers.

3.4. Points of Attention:

- Non-conforming products need to be crushed and returned to the clay system (add proportion ≤ 5%);

- After the quality control of the blanks need to be glazed within 24 hours to avoid moisture absorption.

The drying process of ceramic mugs is a key link that affects the yield. Some ceramic mugs will blow up when pouring hot coffee, besides the raw material problem, the biggest problem is the drying process. The manual trimming link tests the technician's responsibility and proficiency. China Ceramic Mug Factory has introduced electronic equipment, including electronically controlled drying room and automatic trimming assembly line (for details, please check the video released by our factory). The drying process is strictly controlled by electronic equipment and the efficiency and consistency of the trimming process has been improved. If you need custom ceramic mugs, then please find a more professional, attentive and advanced ceramic factory.

10 Ways to Deep Clean Ceramic Coffee Mugs

Xin xiang ceramic mug manufacturer, coffee has the effect of refreshing and waking up the brain, deeply loved by students and working groups. At the same time we also found a problem, is the cups and pots used for a long time, will leave coffee stains, and it is difficult to clean, the following I will briefly talk about the cleaning method;

1. Wash after use

Good quality coffee mugs are not easy to leave coffee stains, the most important point to clean up the coffee cup is that, immediately after drinking, rinse with water, so that you can keep the mug clean;

2. Lemonade

Long-term use leads to leave coffee scale cleanup method is to use lemon water in the cup soaked for 30 minutes, and then rinse with water, this method can absolutely remove the coffee scale;

3. Neutral detergent

For stubborn coffee scale, we can use a sponge dipped in a little detergent, and then gently wipe the coffee mug, after which rinse it with water;

4. Vinegar

There is another way to clean with vinegar. With a cotton ball dipped in vinegar we usually eat, and then gently wipe the mug inside the coffee stains, it can be easily removed. Because vinegar contains acidic substances, in this case, cleaning with vinegar can react with the coffee stains and remove them. The coffee stains will be removed by the reaction of the vinegar.

5. Table salt

To clean the coffee pot, you can put crushed ice and a little salt in the pot, then shake it repeatedly and wipe it after shaking, then it will be cleaned;

6. Toothpaste cleaning

Take an appropriate amount of toothpaste on the belly of the finger, rub the inner wall of the cup with the belly of the finger soaked coffee, about a minute after the rinse can be. Toothpaste cleaning has the advantage that it is not easy to have residue, wash cleaner.

7. Baking soda

Baking soda is an alkaline substance that can remove stains. Pour baking soda on a rag, drop a little water, wipe the inside of the cup back and forth, you can remove the coffee stains inside, but also play a role in disinfecting the mug.

8. Potato Peel

Put the potato peel into the coffee mug, pour boiling water, cover and smother 5-10 minutes, and then shake a few times, you can easily remove coffee stains. Because the potato peel is rich in starch, there is a strong adsorption, so it is easy to remove the coffee stains attached to the mug.

9. Orange Peel

Sprinkle some salt on top of the orange peel and rub the coffee stained mug with the salted orange peel, then wash it with cold water.

10. Kitchen bleach

This rinsing method is preferred by all housewives to clean custom ceramic mugs and utensils. Generally, the cleaning method is to dilute the bleach used in the kitchen in a large basin, and then soak the ceramic cups that need to be cleaned in the large basin overnight, and then wash them with water the next day. In general said, stains or coffee stains in ceramic mugs can be magically cleaned.

Daily care of coffee mugs

1. Hand washing

Coffee mugs are best washed by hand, not in a dishwasher. If you don't want to wash it by hand, it's better to choose a dishwasher with porcelain and crystal washing function.

2. Use microwave oven with caution

Some coffee mugs - coffee mugs with gold rims, low-temperature and medium-temperature coffee mugs - should not be heated in a microwave oven. This is because the temperature can cause the color of the mug to darken, which affects your health.

3. Switching between hot and cold

Never put a coffee mug that holds 100 degrees into cold water directly. Doing so will reduce the service life of ceramic coffee mugs.

In short, whether the ceramic mug is easy to stain, whether the coffee stains are easy to clean, and the quality of the ceramic coffee mug itself has a direct relationship. Coffee mugs are made from blanks and glazes, which are fired and produced. The nature of the glaze is affected by the body: because the body is the glaze carrier, the glaze is attached to the body, the glaze is the glaze, the glaze is the glaze. Carrier, glaze is attached to the embryonic body, the two are very closely linked, the nature of the embryonic body will largely affect the nature of the glaze. Want to customize good quality ceramic coffee mug, please contact China ceramic factory. If you feel that the ceramic mugs you usually use have accumulated a lot of stains and coffee stains, it looks dirty. If you want to clean it, you can choose your favorite cleaning method to clean the ceramic mug according to the article.

Factors to Consider for Custom Ceramic Coffee Mugs

Xinxiang ceramic mug manufacturer, ceramic coffee mugs are a kind of daily drinking utensils. Ceramic coffee mugs can be divided into many types according to raw materials, glaze, flower paper, firing, capacity, shape and colour. So, what factors should we consider when we want to customise a ceramic coffee mug? If you want to find a more suitable ceramic coffee mug for yourself, then you should understand the difference between the various factors of ceramic coffee mugs. For example, the raw materials of ceramic mugs: stoneware, ceramic, bone china and rough pottery. The flower paper and firing of the ceramic mug: low, medium and high temperature. It also affects whether this ceramic mug is dishwasher and microwave safe.

1. Raw material of ceramic mugs

The raw material for ceramic mugs is china clay. The composition of china clay is mainly kaolin, and contains feldspar, quartzite and mullite components. Knead the clay into a ceramic mug - billet.

2. Ceramic mug glaze

Glaze is attached to the surface of the ceramic blank a continuous vitreous layer, or a mixture of vitreous and crystalline layer. Modern ceramic mug production glaze is divided into lime glaze and long ancient glaze. Lime glaze is used to glaze fruit (similar to porcelain stone of a natural mineral raw materials) and grey glaze (the main ingredient of calcium oxide) formulated, feldspar glaze is mainly composed of quartz, feldspar, marble, kaolin and so on. In the lime glaze and feldspar glaze to add metal oxides, or infiltration of other chemical ingredients, it will become a variety of glaze colours.

The general thickness of the glaze is only 1-3% of the thickness of the blank, but after kiln firing, it is tightly adhered to the porcelain tyre, so that the porcelain densification, soft luster and impermeable to water and gas, giving a person the feeling of bright as a mirror. At the same time can improve the use of strength, to prevent pollution, easy to clean and so on.

There are many kinds of ceramic glaze, according to the billet class points, there are porcelain glaze, pottery glaze and flintware glaze; according to the firing temperature points, 1100 ° C below the glaze is known as low-temperature glaze, 1100 ° C-1250 ° C between the glaze fired into the glaze for the medium-temperature glaze, 1250 ° C above the glaze fired into the glaze for high-temperature glaze; glaze features classified by white glaze is probably out of the love of the silverware, the colour of the glaze is colourful with its colourful by the people! Welcome, crystalline glaze pattern variation beautiful and moving, kiln-variable pattern glaze dazzling, beautiful, crackle glaze clear and simple, elegant and chic. In addition to the above, there are no light glaze, milky glaze, salt glaze and so on.

3. Ceramic mug flower paper

Ceramic flower paper is the carrier of ceramic ink, divided into ceramic glaze decal paper and ceramic glaze under the glaze decal paper, flower paper types due to the composition of the difference.

Water shift decal paper the most basic material is a small film backing paper, it is a particularly strong water absorption, the surface is coated with a water-soluble adhesive film paper, printed flower paper soaked in water, the paper absorbs water, dissolve the surface of the water-soluble adhesive, you can make the pattern of the oil agent by the surface of the paper sliding separation, the separation of the pattern is also with a small amount of water-soluble adhesive, you can stick it on the porcelain pieces, as the name suggests, known as the water shift decal.

High-temperature paper firing temperature, generally controlled at 600 ℃ - 1000 ℃. According to the position of the glaze where the flower paper, set a different firing temperature. This firing temperature is much higher than the low temperature flower paper. Therefore, ceramic coffee mugs with high temperature floral paper are not afraid of high temperature. The firing temperature of low-temperature flower paper is around 150℃. Therefore, it can be seen that the ceramic coffee mug with low temperature flower paper is not adaptable to high temperature. If it is put into the microwave oven and heated at a high temperature, the colour of its pattern will fade or even disappear. The evaporation of the ink of the flower paper is not good for the health of our body.

4. Ceramic mug firing

Ceramic mugs can actually be divided into three kinds in the firing process. One is a single firing. That is, from the blank mud to our commonly used ceramic coffee mugs, only through the kiln calcination once on the shape. The second type is secondary firing. As the name suggests, ceramic mug blanks need to enter the kiln twice for calcination. The first is unglazed firing, usually become ‘plain firing’, the purpose is to increase the mechanical strength of the blank, not easy to damage. Often larger or thinner bone china mugs are often fired twice. After the first firing, a glaze is applied (for information on glazes, please refer to previous issues of our factory), and then a second firing is carried out. Depending on the type of mug, the material and the glaze, the temperatures of the two firings before and after are different. The third type is the triple firing, which requires three trips into the kiln. It is often required for more complex ceramic pieces. The first time is a plain firing, the second time is a glaze firing, and the third time is a decal or hand-painting followed by a firing.

5. Ceramic mug capacity

According to the different needs of use, the capacity of ceramic mugs is also different, the common capacity of 12oz, 14oz, 16oz and so on. The capacity of espresso cups is 2oz, 3oz, 4oz; the capacity of coffee cups and saucers is 6oz, 8oz; the capacity of mugs is 11oz, 12oz, 14oz; the capacity of soup cups is 20oz, 30oz.

6. Ceramic mug shape

Ceramic mugs come in a variety of shapes, the most common are cylindrical straight mugs, drum coffee mugs, tulip coffee mugs, wide-mouth coffee mugs and a variety of special shapes of coffee mugs.

7. Ceramic mug colour

Colour glaze: in the glaze with some kind of oxidation metal, after baking, it will show some kind of inherent colour, so called ‘colour glaze’. Glaze material to add different metal oxides as a colouring agent, in a certain temperature and air temperature in the firing, will show a different colour of the glaze, become a colour glaze. Traditional colour glazes include: blue glaze with iron as the colouring agent; red glaze with copper as the colouring agent; and blue glaze with cobalt as the colouring agent. Historically, there are outstanding masterpieces of colour glazes in many eras, such as the green glaze and jun red in the Song Dynasty, the ji red in the Ming Dynasty, and the Lang kiln red, wu jin glaze, and tea leaf powder glaze in the Qing Dynasty. The difference between colour glaze and ordinary colour glaze lies in the special firing process and formula of colour glaze. Colour glaze glaze, must be calcined at a high temperature of more than 1250 degrees Celsius, in order to show its light as oil, colour as rainbow haze, texture as the unique charm of the waterfall clouds.

8. Ceramic mug packaging

Ceramic mug packaging is divided into two kinds: one is a gift box packaging, more colourful boxes; the other is a security package. Gift box can not choose, however, safety packaging is a must. Because the ceramic mug from the ceramic factory production, need to be transported to the port or airport, for long-distance transport. Safety packaging is used to ensure the safety of ceramic mugs. The outer packaging is an effective way to protect ceramic mugs from damage. Usually requires the outer packaging of ceramic mugs should have a certain compressive strength and resistance to breakage strength. It can protect the whole box of ceramic mugs in the process of transport and storage, without damage.

A small amount of ceramic mugs in the packaging, and a large number of ceramic mugs packaging is not the same. A small amount of ceramic cups are mostly sample packaging. Because the samples are mostly courier channels, in the packaging of ceramic mugs, the use of high-foam polyethylene and corrugated cardboard. First of all, with high-foam polyethylene (bubble wrap) wrapped ceramic mugs, fixed with tape. The thickness of the bubble bag is required to be not less than 1 CM. multiple ceramic mugs packaging is completed, into the corrugated cardboard box.

In summary, after understanding the basics of the various factors of ceramic coffee mugs, we can determine the characteristics of custom ceramic mugs more precisely according to our needs. So that in the custom ceramic coffee mug, the more accurate and detailed information to the ceramic factory (for example: china ceramic mug factory), to facilitate the two sides with a shorter time, lower cost, to solve your custom needs.

6 Dimensions to Help You Choose Ceramic Coffee Mugs

Xinxiang ceramic mug manufacturer, ceramic coffee mugs come in a wide variety of types and styles. How do we choose a ceramic coffee mug that suits us? Or what kind of coffee mug can highlight the characteristics of coffee better when we experience different coffee? Well, China Ceramic Mug Factory will help you choose a ceramic coffee mug from material, capacity, glaze, pattern, shape and colour, 6 dimensions.

1. Material of coffee mugs

The simplicity of ceramic mugs and the roundness of porcelain mugs signify different coffee attitudes. Ceramic mugs have a thick texture and are suitable for deeply roasted and full-bodied coffee. Porcelain mugs have a light texture, soft colour, high density and good heat retention, which can make the coffee in the cup more slowly reduce the temperature, is the most expressive coffee flavour choice. Various raw materials for ceramic coffee mugs.

2. Capacity of coffee mugs

Small coffee mugs (60ml ~ 80ml), suitable for tasting pure quality coffee, or strong single-serve coffee, a cup and a mouthful of portion, can make the aftertaste of the coffee lingering, and show the exquisite flavour of the coffee.

Regular coffee mugs (120ml~140ml), common coffee cups, usually choose such cups when drinking coffee, there is enough space, you can mix your own, add milk and sugar.

11oz Ceramic Mug (300ml or more), suitable for coffee with a lot of milk.

3. Glaze for coffee mugs

There are three ways to divide the color glaze mugs: one is classified according to the firing temperature, divided into high temperature colour glaze (about 1300 degrees), medium temperature colour glaze (about 1200 degrees) and low temperature colour glaze (about 1000 degrees). If 1250 degrees as the boundary, divided into high, low two; Second, according to the nature of the flame after firing is divided into oxidation flame colour glaze, reduction flame colour glaze two; Third, according to the characteristics of the appearance of the firing classification, can be divided into single-colour glaze, double-colour glaze (flower glaze), crackled glaze, no light glaze, crystal glaze and so on. High-temperature colour varieties are very many, the famous purpose of nearly a hundred kinds, can be divided into the following systems: red glaze system, including sacrificial red, jun red, Lang kiln red, glaze red, beauty drunkenness, etc., mainly with copper as a colouring agent. The green glaze system includes celadon green, Longquan, bean green, shadow green, etc., mainly iron as a colouring agent. The blue glaze system includes ji blue, enamel blue, jiqing, etc., mainly using cobalt as the colouring agent.

4. Coffee mug pattern

Some ceramic coffee mugs are not suitable for microwave oven, one of the factors is: pattern paper. Flower paper according to the baking temperature is divided into: high temperature flower paper and low temperature flower paper. Low-temperature paper can not be used in the microwave because of the low operating temperature. So, can ceramic coffee mugs with low-temperature paper still be used in the dishwasher? No, it is not. Why can't low-temperature paper coffee mugs be used in either microwave or dishwasher?

High-temperature paper because of the high firing temperature, in the firing process, the glaze will completely vitrify the paper, in the outer wall of the ceramic coffee mug to generate a protective film. Therefore, high-temperature floral paper coffee mugs are dishwasher safe. Low-temperature paper is not dishwasher safe because of the process. If you use a dishwasher to clean a low-temperature paper coffee mug, the image will most likely be scratched, and the body of the mug will be prone to scratches.

5. Shape of coffee mugs

It was found that coffee was tasted in different shaped mugs and then evaluated in many aspects such as the aroma, bitterness, concentration and taste of the coffee. The results of the experiment show that most people think that the coffee in taller mugs tastes sweeter, and the coffee in ‘skinny’ mugs is more bitter than ‘fat’ mugs. Coffee mugs are also categorised into wide-mouth and non-wide-mouth (straight and close-mouth) cups. Wide-mouth mugs help the aroma of the coffee to spread so that people can smell the coffee more fully. The non-wide-mouth mugs allow the coffee to be more concentrated in the mouth and have a more balanced flavour. This shape of mug allows the taste buds on the tongue to fully experience the flavour of the coffee.

6. Colour of coffee mugs

The study found that compared to clear glass cups, coffee in white cups is darker in colour, which in turn is perceived as more concentrated and more bitter, while coffee in blue cups is perceived as lighter in colour due to the blue contrast, which in turn is perceived as less concentrated and less bitter.

In summary, different ceramic coffee mugs have different characteristics, suitable for different coffee, but also for different moods of you. Beautiful mood, you need the company of coffee, but also the company of ceramic coffee mugs; bad mood, you need different coffee care, but also the care of different coffee mugs. Thank you: coffee!

Characteristics and production process of ceramic drum mugs

Xinxiang custom ceramic mug manufacturer, ceramic drum mugs are made because they are shaped like a drum. the diameter of the body of a ceramic drum mug is larger than the diameter of the bottom of the mug. what are the characteristics of ceramic drum mugs and how are they made?

1. Appearance of ceramic drum mugs

1). Material

Durability: Ceramic drum mugs are made of high-temperature fired clay, which is strong and durable and can be used frequently.

Insulation: Compared with other materials, ceramic has good heat insulation properties, which can keep drinks hot or cold for a long time.

2). Shape and size

Drum shape: These mugs are usually cylindrical, reminiscent of a drum, giving them a unique artistic touch.

Variety of sizes: There are a variety of sizes to choose from, from small espresso cups to large coffee mugs, to meet different drink preferences.

3). SAFETY

Food safe: Ceramic mugs made with safe glazes are safe to drink from, and even better for hot coffee.

Heavy feeling: Ceramic mugs usually have a solid and heavy feeling, which makes people feel that they are of high quality and very stable when filled.

2. Features of ceramic drum mugs

1) Ceramic drum mugs can't be made by conventional pressing method because of the curvature of the mug body. Therefore, ceramic drum mugs are mostly made by injection method. However, there is a kind of fat ceramic mugs, the body of which is also curved, and it is made by pressing method. It is different from ordinary ceramic drum mugs, the main difference is that the mouth of fat ceramic mugs is bigger.

2). Ceramic Drum Mugs Because of the larger capacity and heavier mugs, ceramic drum mugs are mostly made of stoneware. In this way, ceramic drum mugs are heavier in the hand, with better heat insulation and heat preservation.

3) Ceramic drum mugs are baked with high temperature.

4).The pattern of ceramic drum mugs is determined according to the customer's demand for the pattern. They can be divided into high-temperature and low-temperature patterns. (For detailed information, please refer to: Ceramic flower paper classification and characteristics of appreciation.)

5).Ceramic drum mugs are suitable for microwave and dishwasher. This depends mainly on the type of flower paper. If it is a high temperature flower paper or ceramic drum mugs with a solid colour glaze without a pattern. ceramic drum mugs are safe for microwave and dishwasher use. （What kind of ceramic coffee mugs are not dishwasher and microwave safe?)

3.The process of making ceramic drum mugs

1). Moulding

Before closing the mould, the working surface of the model should be cleaned up, no dry mud or dust should be left. And check whether the working surface of the mould is smooth and clean, with or without holes and lubricant traces. If it is normal, the mould can be closed. If there is a big gap in the assembled model, use soft mud to block the gap at the joints to avoid leakage of slurry. When using the model should not be too dry or too wet, the amount of water is generally controlled at 4% -6%.

2). Grouting

For single-sided grouting, the slurry filled model can be, such as mud layer thickening to the required thickness, pour off the model of excess slurry, in order to avoid pouring off a small amount of residual slurry in the billet in the body of the surface of the uneven distribution of the production also need to pour off the slurry after the billet with a billet model for the dumping of slurry to ensure that the distribution of residual slurry to ensure that the distribution of mud is uniform to avoid mud wisps. For double sided grouting, the grout must be replenished one after another until all the cavities in the model become blanks. There is no need to pour and dump the slurry.

3). Drying

Just formed due to the high water content, low strength and can not immediately release the injection, need to take the mould to dry for a certain period of time, this drying is called green billet drying, in the green billet drying period, due to the evaporation of water and the mould continues to absorb water, the injection of the water continues to decline, the billet contraction and detachment of the model, and at the same time gradually increase the strength, then can be removed from the mould.

4). Demoulding

After demoulding, the blank should be held gently, put flat, put right, put stable, and prevent vibration.

5). Bonding

Bonding is for ceramic cups and other blanks can not be formed in one piece of the necessary process, the bonding process refers to the use of a certain consistency of bonding mud cups and mugs to stick together in the process.

6). Repairing

For the bonding of ceramic drum mugs, due to its surface is not very smooth, the edge of the mouth has a burr, and some still have a mould seam trace, the need for ceramic cups for beautification, this step is called repair blank. Repair blank is a necessary work of injection moulding ceramic mugs. We usually see flat, smooth ceramic coffee mugs, mainly because of trimming. There are wet repair and dry repair ceramic drum mugs using wet repair. Wet repair is a lot of water in the blank, still wet and soft case, suitable for more complex shape or need to be wet by the blank, this time the operation is easier and repair of blanks, the disadvantage is that it is easy to move and operate in the process of the blanks are injured and caused by deformation. China ceramic mug factory since 2022 are using automatic repair machine, not only can improve the efficiency of repair, but also improve the quality of repair, eliminating the deformation of the repair. (For more detailed information on making ceramic mugs by grouting, please refer to: Customised Ceramic Coffee Mugs - Grouting Process Explained)

7). Glazing

The completely dried mugs are glazed. There are many different types of glazes (Glaze Composition and Classification). The easiest glaze to apply is a single colour glaze, in which the whole of the moulded mug is placed in the glaze. If the mug requires multiple glaze colours, then the operation is a little more complicated. An example is the common two-colour glazed mug - one colour on the outside and another on the inside. The glazing process for a two-colour glazed mug is as follows:

a). The mouth of the mug is glazed. The mouth of the mug is where the two colours join, so it needs special treatment. The mouth of the mug should be dipped in the corresponding glaze, and to prevent the two glazes from overlapping, the glaze that is dipped in the mouth of the mug should be filled with a water-resistant agent.

b). Glaze the inside. Place the ceramic mug with the mouth down into the machine. With the movement of the conveyor belt, the glaze nozzle will invert the inside of the mug, evenly sprayed with glaze colour.

c). Outer wall glazing. Place the dried mug into the glaze liquid, called dip glaze in the industry.

8). Firing.

After drying the glazed mugs, they can be fired in the kiln. The time is more than 10 hours, depending on the type of mug. In addition, according to the customer's requirements for the colour of the mug, there are high temperature firing, medium temperature firing and low temperature firing.

9). Out of the kiln

After the ceramic drum mugs are fired, they will be quality checked and packed after leaving the kiln (How to pack the ceramic mug so that it will not be damaged?).

Ceramic drum mug factory combine functionality with artistic design, making them a popular choice for beverage containers. Their unique mug shape determines the raw materials used to make them, the production process and the firing temperature.