Properties and functions of the 3 basic raw materials for ceramic mugs

Xin xiang custom ceramic mug manufacturer, there are many kinds of raw materials for ceramic mugs, the most basic raw materials are three: kaolinite, feldspar and quartz. A variety of ceramic mugs, such as: stoneware mugs, white porcelain mugs, bone china mugs, etc., are made of three basic raw materials in accordance with different ratios, plus some trace elements. What are the characteristics of these three ceramic raw materials, ceramic mug production process, each served what function, as well as ceramic cup buyers in the bulk custom ceramic mug quality problems, you can use this knowledge to assist in determining whether it is the problem of the ceramic factory or the custom demand problem.

1.Kaolinite: chemical formula: Al2 [(OH)4/Si2O5], kaolin is very versatile, mainly used in paper, ceramics and refractory materials, followed by paints, enamel glazes and so on. Properties of kaolin: more lusterless, high-quality kaolin, the colour is mostly white, fine texture. Kaolin containing impurities can have grey, yellow, brown and other colours. Its density: 2.54-2.60 g/cm3, melting point: about 1785℃. China's kaolin mineral resources rank among the top in the world, with 2.910 billion tonnes of proven reserves, and the main places of origin: Guangxi, Jiangxi, Fujian and Anhui. Kaolin can be divided into three grades: (QB/T 1635-1992 as an example), Grade I kaolin: Al₂O₃≥39.5%, Fe₂O₃≤0.3%, used in high-end bone china, jade porcelain; Grade II kaolin: Al₂O₃≥35%, Fe₂O₃≤0.8%, common daily porcelain; Grade III kaolin: Al₂O₃≥30%, Fe₂O₃≤1.5% , pottery or coarse pottery. Kaolin particles have hexagonal lamellar structure, forming interlayer hydrogen bonding in the wet state, which gives excellent plasticity to the blanks and facilitates the moulding process such as billeting and slurrying. After dehydration, kaolin forms a three-dimensional mesh structure, which prevents the body from cracking during the drying process. Therefore, kaolin is not only the 'skeleton' of the mug, but also the key to determine the whiteness of the mug.

2.Feldspar: feldspar, chemical formula: OrxAby Anz, feldspar use: mainly used in the ceramic industry, glass industry and enamel industry. Shape of feldspar: feldspar itself should be colourless and transparent, the reason why it is coloured or not completely transparent is because it contains other impurities. Some of them are in the form of lumps, some in the form of plates, some in the form of columns or needles and so on. Feldspar can be divided into three grades: special grade K₂O+Na₂O≥14%, Fe₂O₃≤0.1%, used in high-end bone china, art glaze; first grade K₂O+Na₂O≥12%, Fe₂O₃≤0.3%, used in daily-use ceramics, sanitary ware; second grade K₂O+Na₂O≥10%, Fe₂O₃≤0.5%, used in architectural ceramics, electric porcelain insulators. The resources of Chinese feldspar are ranked first in the world, with the main production areas: Inner Mongolia, Guangdong, Hunan, and so on. Feldspar has a good fluxing effect, reduce the firing temperature and promote the formation of the glass phase, and at the same time affect the smoothness and translucency of the glaze. Feldspar melts at 1100-1250℃ in ceramic firing, forming liquid glass phase, wrapping kaolin and quartz particles and lowering the overall firing temperature. The liquid feldspar fills the micropores on the surface of the mug, forming a pre-glassified layer with a thickness of 0.1-0.3mm, which makes the ceramic mug compact and beautifully glazed. As the 'temperature regulator' and 'glaze beautician' of ceramic mugs, the quality of feldspar directly determines the yield and added value of ceramic mugs.

3.Quartz: Quartz, chemical formula: SiO2, the melting point of quartz is 1713 ℃. Quartz properties: high purity quartz is colourless and transparent, often containing a small number of impurities, and become translucent or opaque crystals, hard texture. Quartz is a non-malleable raw materials, its and clay in the high temperature generated mullite crystals give porcelain high mechanical strength and chemical stability, and can increase the translucency of the body, is a good raw material for the preparation of white glaze. The main production area of quartz: Jiangsu, Anhui, Shandong and so on. Quartz grading: special grade: SiO₂≥99.9% Fe₂O₃≤0.01% main use of electronic ceramics, aerospace equipment; Grade 1: SiO₂≥99.5% Fe₂O₃≤0.03% main use of high-end bone china, medical equipment; Grade 1: SiO₂≥99.0% Fe₂O₃≤0.05% main use of ordinary daily-use ceramics, building ceramics. The main use of quartz: used in glass making, casting, ceramics and abrasives and so on. The main component of quartz is silicon dioxide, which is stable at high temperature and combines with feldspar melt to form glass phase, while maintaining a certain particle structure to enhance the hardness and wear resistance of ceramics. At the same time, quartz has a low coefficient of thermal expansion, which may contribute to thermal shock resistance. As the 'invisible skeleton' of ceramic mugs, the crystal transformation and phase change behaviour of quartz directly determine the mechanical properties and aesthetic value of the product.

In summary, these three raw materials are ceramic mug 'cornerstone', kaolin, feldspar and quartz, the quality of the basic raw materials, directly affecting the quality of ceramic mugs. Of course, the production process of ceramic mugs is also another important factor to protect the quality of ceramic mugs, such as: the ratio of the three raw materials, the proportion of trace elements added, the control of kiln temperature and so on. A batch of high-quality, high-quality ceramic mugs, is a set of perfect production system product. The control of each link is to guarantee the quality of the final ceramic mug.

How to judge the quality of ceramic coffee mugs

Xin xiang ceramic mug manufacturer, ceramic mugs as our daily life commonly used items, its quality between good and bad related to our experience and health. So, how to judge the quality of ceramic mug? China ceramic factory will be analysed from several aspects.

1, appearance quality

1.1.Integrity: check whether the ceramic mug has cracks, chips or broken. These defects not only affect the beauty of the ceramic mugs, but also can cause safety hazards when used.

1.2. Flatness: Observe the ceramic mug mouth Normal smooth without deformation, edge Normal rounded and smooth, to avoid cutting the mouth.

1.3. Glaze quality: high-quality glaze should be uniform colour, no blistering, no glaze flow. The quality of the glaze not only affects the beauty, but also relates to the durability and safety of the mug.

1.4. Decoration: the pattern or painting should be colourful and clear. In daily use, we should avoid using cups with overly bright colours full of patterns, or cups with patterns on the inside. To avoid the use of some ceramic flower paper with excessive lead and chromium patterns, causing harm to our bodies.

2, sound and thickness

2.1. sound test: gently tap the ceramic mugs, quality ceramic mugs will emit a crisp sound. When gently tapping a rough stoneware mugs, the sound will be duller than ordinary ceramic mugs. If the mug has cracks or gaps, the sound is different after knocking, very easy to distinguish.

2.2. Thickness test: machine-produced ceramic mugs, the thickness of the mug is uniform. If there is obvious bulging or depression, usually this is defective.

3. Weight and grip

3.1. Weight: high-quality ceramic coffee mugs, there is a need for insulation, so the ceramic mug has a certain weight. The specific weight is related to the capacity of the ceramic mug.

3.2. Grip: the body and handle of the ceramic mug should be ergonomic. Easy to grip, and not easy to slip.

4. Material and process

4.1.Material: common ceramic mugs are: white porcelain mugs, stoneware mugs, bone china mugs and so on. Various materials have different characteristics.

4.2.Firing process: firing ceramic mugs are divided into: low temperature firing, medium temperature firing and high temperature firing. Specifically in accordance with the firing temperature to distinguish between high and low.

5, safety

5.1. Non-toxic and harmless: confirm the safety of glaze and pigment. After the mug is fired, there is a lead and chromium test report, which can be used safely.

5.2. High temperature resistance: some ceramic mugs need to be used in the microwave oven, so it is required that the mugs and patterns, are high temperature resistant. Such ceramic mugs can be safely used in the microwave. Such mugs can be used safely within 350 degrees Celsius.

5.3.Wear-resistant: Some ceramic mugs need to be used in dishwasher, so such mugs and patterns are required to have high wear-resistance. Therefore, during production, our ceramic factory will produce eligible ceramic mugs according to the wear-resistant requirements.

To sum up, to judge the quality of ceramic mugs, you need to distinguish them from appearance, material, sound, thickness, weight, workmanship, safety and so on. These are relatively professional methods of differentiation, ordinary consumers in the purchase of ceramic coffee mugs, it is best to choose a big brand, big shopping malls, professional ceramic mug factory production of ceramic mugs. This is easier to choose a safe, stable and healthy ceramic mug.

10 Ways to Deep Clean Ceramic Coffee Mugs

Xin xiang ceramic mug manufacturer, coffee has the effect of refreshing and waking up the brain, deeply loved by students and working groups. At the same time we also found a problem, is the cups and pots used for a long time, will leave coffee stains, and it is difficult to clean, the following I will briefly talk about the cleaning method;

1. Wash after use

Good quality coffee mugs are not easy to leave coffee stains, the most important point to clean up the coffee cup is that, immediately after drinking, rinse with water, so that you can keep the mug clean;

2. Lemonade

Long-term use leads to leave coffee scale cleanup method is to use lemon water in the cup soaked for 30 minutes, and then rinse with water, this method can absolutely remove the coffee scale;

3. Neutral detergent

For stubborn coffee scale, we can use a sponge dipped in a little detergent, and then gently wipe the coffee mug, after which rinse it with water;

4. Vinegar

There is another way to clean with vinegar. With a cotton ball dipped in vinegar we usually eat, and then gently wipe the mug inside the coffee stains, it can be easily removed. Because vinegar contains acidic substances, in this case, cleaning with vinegar can react with the coffee stains and remove them. The coffee stains will be removed by the reaction of the vinegar.

5. Table salt

To clean the coffee pot, you can put crushed ice and a little salt in the pot, then shake it repeatedly and wipe it after shaking, then it will be cleaned;

6. Toothpaste cleaning

Take an appropriate amount of toothpaste on the belly of the finger, rub the inner wall of the cup with the belly of the finger soaked coffee, about a minute after the rinse can be. Toothpaste cleaning has the advantage that it is not easy to have residue, wash cleaner.

7. Baking soda

Baking soda is an alkaline substance that can remove stains. Pour baking soda on a rag, drop a little water, wipe the inside of the cup back and forth, you can remove the coffee stains inside, but also play a role in disinfecting the mug.

8. Potato Peel

Put the potato peel into the coffee mug, pour boiling water, cover and smother 5-10 minutes, and then shake a few times, you can easily remove coffee stains. Because the potato peel is rich in starch, there is a strong adsorption, so it is easy to remove the coffee stains attached to the mug.

9. Orange Peel

Sprinkle some salt on top of the orange peel and rub the coffee stained mug with the salted orange peel, then wash it with cold water.

10. Kitchen bleach

This rinsing method is preferred by all housewives to clean custom ceramic mugs and utensils. Generally, the cleaning method is to dilute the bleach used in the kitchen in a large basin, and then soak the ceramic cups that need to be cleaned in the large basin overnight, and then wash them with water the next day. In general said, stains or coffee stains in ceramic mugs can be magically cleaned.

Daily care of coffee mugs

1. Hand washing

Coffee mugs are best washed by hand, not in a dishwasher. If you don't want to wash it by hand, it's better to choose a dishwasher with porcelain and crystal washing function.

2. Use microwave oven with caution

Some coffee mugs - coffee mugs with gold rims, low-temperature and medium-temperature coffee mugs - should not be heated in a microwave oven. This is because the temperature can cause the color of the mug to darken, which affects your health.

3. Switching between hot and cold

Never put a coffee mug that holds 100 degrees into cold water directly. Doing so will reduce the service life of ceramic coffee mugs.

In short, whether the ceramic mug is easy to stain, whether the coffee stains are easy to clean, and the quality of the ceramic coffee mug itself has a direct relationship. Coffee mugs are made from blanks and glazes, which are fired and produced. The nature of the glaze is affected by the body: because the body is the glaze carrier, the glaze is attached to the body, the glaze is the glaze, the glaze is the glaze. Carrier, glaze is attached to the embryonic body, the two are very closely linked, the nature of the embryonic body will largely affect the nature of the glaze. Want to customize good quality ceramic coffee mug, please contact China ceramic factory. If you feel that the ceramic mugs you usually use have accumulated a lot of stains and coffee stains, it looks dirty. If you want to clean it, you can choose your favorite cleaning method to clean the ceramic mug according to the article.

The most common cleaning and maintenance methods for ceramic mugs

Xin xiang ceramic mug manufacturer, ceramic coffee mugs serve as delicate and practical living items. After a long time of use, coffee stains or odour can easily appear in ceramic coffee mugs, which requires timely cleaning and scientific maintenance. Therefore, China Ceramic Factory will tell you the simplest cleaning method and common maintenance method to help you better maintain the ceramic coffee mug. In the previous article, we all know that ceramic coffee mugs are made of clay and glaze through high temperature firing. Then, when we clean and maintain ceramic mugs, we need to operate according to the characteristics of the clay and glaze so as to avoid damaging the mugs.

Cleaning methods and causes analysis

1. Warm water cleaning

Immediately after each use, wash the ceramic mug with warm water and wipe it with a soft cloth.

Reason: Warm water can dissolve the sugar, grease and residue in the coffee, making stains less likely to adhere. This is because the oily substances in the coffee will dissolve in the heat, and the soft cloth can avoid scratching the porcelain surface.

2. Baking soda to remove stains

Sprinkle baking soda on the bottom of the mug or stains, add water and stir into a paste, scrub gently.

Reason: baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) has alkaline, can neutralise the acidic component of coffee, and through the particles of friction to remove stubborn stains, while it will not corrode the glaze.

3. Vinegar and salt cleaning

Mix white vinegar and salt in equal proportions, apply to the stains, leave for 5-10 minutes and then scrub.

Reason: The acetic acid in white vinegar can dissolve scale and mineral deposits, salt has the effect of increasing friction, the combination of the two cleaning effect is remarkable.

4. Specialised cleaners

Scrub with a special cleaner for ceramics that does not contain abrasive particles.

Reason: This type of cleaner is mild, has a good protective effect on the glaze, and can effectively remove deep stains.

5. Avoid using hard brushes

Avoid using steel wire ball or other hard brushes.

Reason: hard brushes are easy to scratch the ceramic surface glaze, resulting in the loss of its original smoothness, thus reducing the beauty and stain resistance.

If you encounter stubborn stains, the above methods can not be cleaned, please refer to: 10 Ways to Deep Clean Ceramic Coffee Mugs.

Cleaning and daily maintenance of ceramic coffee mugs

1. Regular deep cleaning

Deep clean your ceramic coffee mugs once a week, including soaking them in baking soda or vinegar.

Reason: Coffee stains or mineral deposits accumulated over time may erode the glaze, and regular deep cleaning can avoid build-up problems.

2. Avoid Thermal Shock

Don't rinse your mug directly with cold water when you have just served a hot drink.

Reason: Sudden thermal expansion and contraction may cause fine cracks in the ceramic material, reducing its lifespan.

3. Store separately

Store ceramic coffee mugs separately from other tableware to avoid collisions.

Reason: Although ceramic is hard, it is fragile, and collision may cause the enamel to crack or even break the mug.

4. Avoid contact with strong corrosive substances

Do not use strong corrosive cleaning agents such as bleach.

Reason: Strong corrosive substances will damage the glaze, and even affect the chemical stability of the ceramic itself.

5. Use a soft cushion

Use a soft cushion on the bottom of the mug to avoid knocks.

Reason: soft cushion can effectively reduce the daily use of hard surfaces due to contact with the damage caused by the prolongation of the service life of the ceramic mug.

6. Control the humidity of the environment

Try to keep the storage environment dry, reduce the impact of humidity on the porcelain.

Reason: Prolonged humid environment may lead to some of the ceramic mug surface glaze mould, affecting the aesthetic.

By taking the above cleaning and maintenance measures, you can better extend the service life of ceramic coffee mugs, while maintaining its beauty and practicality. Let the ceramic coffee mug always glow in daily life, is our focus on quality of life embodiment.

Ceramic coffee mug shape affects the taste of coffee

Xin xiang custom ceramic mug manufacturer, in today's increasingly prevalent coffee culture, ceramic coffee mugs as an important apparatus for coffee drinking, its shape on the taste of coffee is gradually being concerned. The design of the mug is not only about aesthetics, but also profoundly affects the drinker's sense of smell, taste and psychological feelings. In this article, we will discuss how different shapes of ceramic coffee mugs affect the taste of coffee, and list the cup shapes suitable for a variety of popular coffee.

1. The relationship between the shape of the cup and the taste of coffee

The taste of coffee is a complex sensory experience, including flavour, aroma and temperature and other elements. The shape of a ceramic coffee mug, especially the size of the mouth, the height and curve of the cup, will directly affect the release of gases, the gathering of aroma and the maintenance of temperature, which will ultimately affect the taste experience of coffee.

1.1. The shape of the mouth of the mug and the aroma

The width of the mouth of the mug and the design of the rim can affect the release of aroma. A wider mug can effectively promote the release of aroma, so that the drinker can feel the aroma of the coffee more quickly during the drinking process. For example, a cup with a wider opening, such as a flat mug, is suitable for strong espresso, allowing the aroma to be fully released.

1.2. Cup height and temperature

The height of the mug affects the contact surface between the coffee and the air, as well as the heat retention. Taller mugs are usually better at keeping the coffee warmer for those who like to drink hot. Slim, tall ceramic mugs, especially for lattes and cappuccinos, help to maintain the temperature and texture of the milk froth, allowing the finesse of the drink to shine through.

1.3. Curve design and hand feeling pleasure

The curved design of a ceramic mug is equally important as it affects the user's feel, with different grips changing the drinking experience. An aesthetically pleasing and comfortable mug design, such as ‘wavy’ lines, can enhance the overall pleasure of drinking, especially for social occasions, such as mocha (Mocha) and other sweet coffee, a pleasant mood.

2. Ceramic mugs for popular coffee shapes

2.1.Espresso

Ceramic mugs with a small, round pouring spout are the most popular. The design can effectively concentrate the aroma, so that the depth and intensity of espresso comes out at the first time. Some espresso coffee mugs have a concave design to further enhance odour concentration.

2.2. Latte

Suitable ceramic mugs are usually wide-mouthed and slightly taller in design, which can accommodate rich milk froth and provide a better visual effect. Or maybe it is a gradient shape, which can make the drinker better appreciate those beautiful pulling art before drinking.

2.3. Cappuccino

It is recommended to use a ceramic mug with a straight or slightly closed mouth, which usually provides a rich foamy experience and helps to maintain the temperature of the coffee. While enjoying the coffee, the drinker can also enjoy the perfect combination of milk froth and coffee.

2.4. Mocha

Suitable for cups with a sloping rim design, which is not only aesthetically pleasing, but also enhances the balance of flavours between the coffee and chocolate, making the sweetness of the coffee more prominent.

2.5. Cold Brew

The use of ceramic mugs with a tall body and wide mouth can effectively display the colour of cold brew coffee and make it more attractive. China ceramic mug factory, combined with the larger mouth of the mug, improves the ease of drinking and allows for the release of more aroma.

3.Conclusion

The shape of the ceramic coffee mugs undoubtedly had a significant impact on the taste of the coffee. From the release of aroma to the maintenance of temperature to the comfort of the drinking experience, choosing the right mug shape is the key to enjoying coffee. Therefore, when choosing a coffee mug, it is advisable to consider the design of the mug and the characteristics of the coffee you are drinking to enhance the pleasure of drinking coffee in a more comprehensive way. Various types of popular coffee corresponding to different shapes of ceramic mugs, the perfect combination of design and functionality, so that we can experience the coffee culture, can enjoy a richer feast for the senses.

Ceramic coffee mugs in life: materials designs and trends

Xin xiang ceramic mug manufacturer, ceramic coffee mugs, with their unique texture, good heat preservation performance and various design styles, occupy an important position in the field of coffee sets, tea sets, tableware and even artworks. From ancient times to the present, the production process of ceramic mugs has been progressing, from primitive earthenware to exquisite blue and white porcelain, underglaze colours, etc., each of which reflects the cultural characteristics and technical level of different historical periods.

1. Material characteristics of ceramic mugs

1). Air permeability

Ceramic material has a certain degree of air permeability, so that the tea or beverage in the mug can better show its flavour, especially suitable for tea, can moderate adsorption of tea flavor, enhance the taste of drinks. 8 flavors of coffee and the influence of different coffee mugs on taste.

2). Thermal insulation

Compared with glass or plastic mugs, ceramic mugs have better heat preservation properties, which can maintain the temperature of the drink, so that people can enjoy a better taste experience when savouring. The 11oz ceramic mugs are well insulated, especially the double walled ceramic coffee mugs.

3). Safety

Ceramic material is natural and non-toxic, does not contain harmful substances, is a healthy and environmentally friendly choice for drinking, especially for children.

2.Design Aesthetics

1). Traditional culture fused with modern design

Contemporary ceramic mug design often combines traditional patterns (e.g., letters, logos, landscapes) with modern minimalist style, which retains the cultural heritage and meets modern aesthetic needs.

2). Creative modelling

With the advancement of technology, the shape of ceramic mugs is no longer limited to the traditional cylindrical or round shape, and a variety of shaped mugs have appeared, such as animal shapes, plant forms, etc., which increase the fun and ornamental nature of use.

3). Personalised customisation

Modern ceramic coffee mugs support personalised customisation, consumers can choose patterns, colours and even shapes according to their own preferences, to meet individual needs.

The main role of personalisation of ceramic coffee mugs is as follows:

a). Brand promotion: ceramic mugs can be printed or labelled with brand logos and messages, spreading the brand image through daily use and enhancing brand visibility and awareness.

b). Promotional items: many companies use ceramic mugs as promotional giveaways, for example at events, exhibitions or as giveaways with the purchase of products, as a way of attracting customer attention and increasing sales.

c). Personalisation: ceramic mugs can be personalised according to the customer's needs, such as customised names, patterns or messages, to enhance the customer's sense of involvement and belonging.

d). Social media content: aesthetically pleasing pictures of ceramic mugs are easy to attract attention on social media and promote sharing among users, creating word-of-mouth communication and achieving advertising results.

e). Carrier of advertising activities: ceramic mugs can be used as a promotional tool for specific activities, such as corporate anniversaries, holiday promotions, etc. The design of the mugs is usually combined with the theme of the event.

f). Symbol of gifts: ceramic mugs can be used as gifts to convey the care and attention of the brand, and can help promote the brand during festivals or special occasions.

g). Lifestyle communication: many brands communicate a lifestyle or cultural concept through ceramic mugs, especially in the context of the prevalence of coffee culture, ceramic mugs become a symbol of sharing and communication.

3. Health impact

1). Promote drinking habits

Aesthetically pleasing and practical ceramic mugs can stimulate people's interest in drinking, especially for children and teenagers, and the interesting design of the mugs can encourage them to take the initiative to drink and develop good drinking habits.

2). Mental health

Using beautiful ceramic mugs to sip tea or drink water is not only a kind of material enjoyment, but also a way of mental relaxation, which helps to relieve stress and improve the quality of life.

4.Market Trends

1). Environmental protection concept

With the increasing awareness of environmental protection, consumers are more inclined to choose sustainable and biodegradable materials, ceramics as a natural material, its market demand continues to grow.

2). Technology Integration

The emergence of intelligent ceramic mugs, such as ceramic mugs with temperature display and heat preservation and heating functions, combines traditional and modern technology to meet the modern pursuit of convenience and intelligence.

3). Cultural tourism souvenirs

Ceramic mug factory with local characteristics have become popular souvenirs for cultural tourism, which not only promotes the dissemination of local culture, but also drives the development of the ceramic industry.

Conclusion

Ceramic mugs have become an indispensable part of modern life with their unique material properties, rich design aesthetics, positive health impacts, and innovations that follow market trends. In the future, with the advancement of technology and the diversification of consumer needs, the design of ceramic mugs will be more personalised and intelligent, while paying more attention to environmental protection and cultural heritage, and continue to play an important role in people's daily lives.

16 Flaws in the Making of Ceramic Coffee Mugs

Xin xiang ceramic mug manufacturer, for customised ceramic coffee mugs, we usually go through professional ceramic mug factories. However, some customised ceramic mugs have problems, if the buyer can understand some of the reasons for the defects of the ceramic mugs, then the communication between the two sides will be more convenient and accurate.

1. Deformation

The shape of the ceramic mug presents a shape that does not conform to the specified design.

2.Falling slag

Ceramic mug glaze inside the cinder, mostly ceramic coffee mugs in the glaze into the kiln, adsorption of cinder. After firing, the grey residue is combined with the glaze, and there are obvious bumps and sharp edges when touched by hand.

3. Pores

Ceramic mug glaze appeared small holes, similar in shape to a pinhole. Ceramic cup pores formation reasons:

3.1. Ceramic mug in the firing process there are carbon particles deposited in the glaze, in the high temperature firing, carbon particles are burned off, the glaze will leave a dent, this and the difference between falling slag is: carbon particles of small particles, burned out in the firing process.

3.2. The surface quality of the blank is not good, the glaze Viscosity is too high, poor fluidity, can not make up for the defects on the surface of the blank, resulting in pinholes.

3.3. Too fast heating during firing, the glaze is not fully fused will also cause the phenomenon of pores.

4.Spot

Coloured stains appearing on the surface of ceramic mugs, which also become black spots.

5. Colour dirty

Ceramic mugs appear on the surface of the phenomenon of miscellaneous colours that should not be there.

6. Bumps

Ceramic mug body with the hand can feel the obvious bumps, bumps part of the corners of the rounded, smooth surface. This situation is mainly billet in the production process left behind by the residual mud.

7. Billet bubble

Ceramic mugs appear under the glaze hollow bubble. This is the glaze or the air in the middle of the blank in the firing process, was sealed inside the glaze caused.

8. Mud slag at the bottom of the mug

Ceramic mugs have tiny slag particles sticking to the bottom of the cup. Ceramic mugs have a link in the production process, grinding the bottom. Grinding in order to remove the bottom of the mug slag. Caused by the ceramic mug slag is mostly: grinding the bottom is incomplete or blank in the drying, glazing process stained slag.

9. lack of glaze

Ceramic mug lack of glaze. This situation occurs in the handle and cup body connection, the bottom of the cup, the mouth of the mug. Appearance of the lack of glaze is mostly in the glaze process operation is not in place, the glaze viscosity is too high, caused by.

10. Cracks

Ceramic mugs appear cracked. The main reasons for this situation:

10.1. Drying too fast: blanks in the drying process if the speed is too fast, it will lead to the internal and external shrinkage of the blank is not consistent, resulting in cracks.

10.2. Uneven glazing: ceramic mugs in the glazing process, the glaze thickness varies too much, which will cause uneven humidity of the blank, which will produce cracks in the firing process.

10.3. Secondary water absorption: after the blank is dried, because of the climate or the weather, causing the dried blank to absorb water twice. This causes inconsistency in the water content inside and outside the blank, which will produce cracks.

10.4. Temperature difference is too large: this situation is likely to occur in the winter in northern China ceramic factory, winter temperature is low, the blank in the firing process, the need to elongate the heating process, otherwise, it will be because the blank temperature is too low, warming up too quickly, resulting in ceramic mug cracks.

11. Baked flowers sticky glaze

Ceramic mug baking flower sticky glaze.

12. lack of clay

Ceramic mug blank mutilated phenomenon, mostly in the billet system during the production process or move in the process of bumping caused.

13. Glaze scratches

Ceramic mug picture appears stripes or points of dark wounds. This situation is mostly ceramic cups in the movement or transport is caused by external bumps.

14. Smoke

Ceramic mugs appear on the body of the grey-black or brown, such as the shape of the smoke marks. Smoke phenomenon, mostly in the firing process caused by improper operation. Specific references, ceramic mug firing technology.

15. Raw firing

Ceramic mugs do not reach the firing temperature, because the water content of ceramic mugs is too high, or improper control of kiln temperature and time, and caused. After raw firing, the colour of the mug is dark, the glaze is glossy and rough, and the sound is not brittle when it is knocked.

16. Over-fired

Ceramic mug firing temperature is too high, or too long. This situation will cause the ceramic mug deformation, size inconsistency, glaze blistering or glaze flow.

To sum up, these are 16 common defects of ceramic mugs. These ceramic coffee mugs often appear defects, as well as the causes of defects. After we understand them, we can be able to control the quality of ceramic mugs easily. This will also make it easier to pick the right ceramic mug factory.