Xin xiang custom ceramic mug manufacturer, there are many kinds of raw materials for ceramic mugs, the most basic raw materials are three: kaolinite, feldspar and quartz. A variety of ceramic mugs, such as: stoneware mugs, white porcelain mugs, bone china mugs, etc., are made of three basic raw materials in accordance with different ratios, plus some trace elements. What are the characteristics of these three ceramic raw materials, ceramic mug production process, each served what function, as well as ceramic cup buyers in the bulk custom ceramic mug quality problems, you can use this knowledge to assist in determining whether it is the problem of the ceramic factory or the custom demand problem.
1.Kaolinite: chemical formula: Al2 [(OH)4/Si2O5], kaolin is very versatile, mainly used in paper, ceramics and refractory materials, followed by paints, enamel glazes and so on. Properties of kaolin: more lusterless, high-quality kaolin, the colour is mostly white, fine texture. Kaolin containing impurities can have grey, yellow, brown and other colours. Its density: 2.54-2.60 g/cm3, melting point: about 1785℃. China's kaolin mineral resources rank among the top in the world, with 2.910 billion tonnes of proven reserves, and the main places of origin: Guangxi, Jiangxi, Fujian and Anhui. Kaolin can be divided into three grades: (QB/T 1635-1992 as an example), Grade I kaolin: Al₂O₃≥39.5%, Fe₂O₃≤0.3%, used in high-end bone china, jade porcelain; Grade II kaolin: Al₂O₃≥35%, Fe₂O₃≤0.8%, common daily porcelain; Grade III kaolin: Al₂O₃≥30%, Fe₂O₃≤1.5% , pottery or coarse pottery. Kaolin particles have hexagonal lamellar structure, forming interlayer hydrogen bonding in the wet state, which gives excellent plasticity to the blanks and facilitates the moulding process such as billeting and slurrying. After dehydration, kaolin forms a three-dimensional mesh structure, which prevents the body from cracking during the drying process. Therefore, kaolin is not only the 'skeleton' of the mug, but also the key to determine the whiteness of the mug.
2.Feldspar: feldspar, chemical formula: OrxAby Anz, feldspar use: mainly used in the ceramic industry, glass industry and enamel industry. Shape of feldspar: feldspar itself should be colourless and transparent, the reason why it is coloured or not completely transparent is because it contains other impurities. Some of them are in the form of lumps, some in the form of plates, some in the form of columns or needles and so on. Feldspar can be divided into three grades: special grade K₂O+Na₂O≥14%, Fe₂O₃≤0.1%, used in high-end bone china, art glaze; first grade K₂O+Na₂O≥12%, Fe₂O₃≤0.3%, used in daily-use ceramics, sanitary ware; second grade K₂O+Na₂O≥10%, Fe₂O₃≤0.5%, used in architectural ceramics, electric porcelain insulators. The resources of Chinese feldspar are ranked first in the world, with the main production areas: Inner Mongolia, Guangdong, Hunan, and so on. Feldspar has a good fluxing effect, reduce the firing temperature and promote the formation of the glass phase, and at the same time affect the smoothness and translucency of the glaze. Feldspar melts at 1100-1250℃ in ceramic firing, forming liquid glass phase, wrapping kaolin and quartz particles and lowering the overall firing temperature. The liquid feldspar fills the micropores on the surface of the mug, forming a pre-glassified layer with a thickness of 0.1-0.3mm, which makes the ceramic mug compact and beautifully glazed. As the 'temperature regulator' and 'glaze beautician' of ceramic mugs, the quality of feldspar directly determines the yield and added value of ceramic mugs.
3.Quartz: Quartz, chemical formula: SiO2, the melting point of quartz is 1713 ℃. Quartz properties: high purity quartz is colourless and transparent, often containing a small number of impurities, and become translucent or opaque crystals, hard texture. Quartz is a non-malleable raw materials, its and clay in the high temperature generated mullite crystals give porcelain high mechanical strength and chemical stability, and can increase the translucency of the body, is a good raw material for the preparation of white glaze. The main production area of quartz: Jiangsu, Anhui, Shandong and so on. Quartz grading: special grade: SiO₂≥99.9% Fe₂O₃≤0.01% main use of electronic ceramics, aerospace equipment; Grade 1: SiO₂≥99.5% Fe₂O₃≤0.03% main use of high-end bone china, medical equipment; Grade 1: SiO₂≥99.0% Fe₂O₃≤0.05% main use of ordinary daily-use ceramics, building ceramics. The main use of quartz: used in glass making, casting, ceramics and abrasives and so on. The main component of quartz is silicon dioxide, which is stable at high temperature and combines with feldspar melt to form glass phase, while maintaining a certain particle structure to enhance the hardness and wear resistance of ceramics. At the same time, quartz has a low coefficient of thermal expansion, which may contribute to thermal shock resistance. As the 'invisible skeleton' of ceramic mugs, the crystal transformation and phase change behaviour of quartz directly determine the mechanical properties and aesthetic value of the product.
In summary, these three raw materials are ceramic mug 'cornerstone', kaolin, feldspar and quartz, the quality of the basic raw materials, directly affecting the quality of ceramic mugs. Of course, the production process of ceramic mugs is also another important factor to protect the quality of ceramic mugs, such as: the ratio of the three raw materials, the proportion of trace elements added, the control of kiln temperature and so on. A batch of high-quality, high-quality ceramic mugs, is a set of perfect production system product. The control of each link is to guarantee the quality of the final ceramic mug.
