Black smoke on ceramic mugs, does it affect use?

Xinxiang Custom Ceramic Mug Manufacturer, When we are shopping for ceramic mugs, occasionally we will see ceramic mugs inside or outside will have part of the mug body showing black gray, feel as if it was burned by the fire left behind the smoldering color. Do you know that such a coffee mug can be used normally? What is the cause of this?

Ceramic coffee mug partially or completely black and gray phenomenon is called smoky. This defect is because the billet oxidation is incomplete or reduction too early, so that the billet in the body of carbonaceous organic matter and low-temperature carbon deposits can not be burned out of time, the glaze layer is closed.

By the glaze layer is closed, the surface of the ceramic mug is black and gray, with the shape of smoke. According to Xinxiang ceramic manufacturer more than 20 years of experience in the production of coffee mugs know that the factors affecting the smoke are.

1. In the oxidation stage of burning small and medium fire insulation, oxidation is incomplete, part of the carbon residue in the body of the billet, so that the billet section was gray-black, especially when the billet contains a large amount of carbon in the use of clay, such as gangue, etc., it should be more in the glaze layer before the melting of the billet in the body of the full oxidation of the carbon. For the billet does not contain carbon products should also be in the fire insulation stage to strengthen the oxidation of coal-fired batch kiln and thick tire products, should pay special attention. This is because the batch kiln, ignition kiln temperature is low, more water vapor, plus this time the flue gas temperature is low, the chimney pumping force is weak, in the coal and pry furnace in a short period of time, the nature of the flame in the kiln is a reducing gas, at this time not only the carbon inside the body of the carbon can not be excluded, but also make the body of the billet deposition of carbon, especially when the kiln billet moisture content is high, it is easier to make the products produce water black. Therefore, the fire insulation stage (generally between 1000 ~ 1100 ℃), to maintain a strong oxidizing gas, and there is enough insulation time. That is to say, in the kiln operation, should control the grate on the ash layer, fire layer, the thickness of the coal layer, to ensure good ventilation, excess air coefficient is large, the fire layer of the combustion room clear Bright, each time you add the coal should be burned through, in order to make the billet get fully oxidized. Otherwise, the amount of coal added at this time is too much, the ash layer is too thick, poor ventilation under the stove bar, combustion does not penetrate, the combustion chamber produced by the free carbonaceous flue gas, long time to store in the kiln, and this stage, the billet stomata Rate and the largest billet, strong adsorption, it is easy to adsorb the smoke, resulting in carbon deposition, that is, we see the black and gray smoke pattern on the mug.

2. Reduction stage later, the reduction gas is too thick, that is, when the glaze has been melted, the kiln still maintains a strong reduction gas, but not in time to turn into a weak reduction gas or neutral gas, the product is still in the reduction gas, then the CO in the flue gas decomposition occurs at high temperatures resulting in the area of the material carbon, especially when using calcium glaze, it is easy to adsorb the smoke, thus causing carbon deposition, which is the black and gray smoke pattern we see on the cups. Calcium glaze, because CaO carbon absorption phenomenon is more serious, the most likely to form glaze smoky.

3. Ceramic mug black also need to analyze the billet glaze formula is reasonable. Such as the use of excessive CaO or other flux, so that the billet glaze prematurely produce liquid phase and melt, glass range is too narrow, so that the deposition of carbon can not be burned out in time, or too large a temperature difference between the kiln to ensure that the product gas changes, so that part of the product is in a chaotic gas. So that part of the product is in the chaos of the gas or fuel containing too much sulfur, its sulfur gas in the kiln to stay too long, then the sulfur will take the oxygen in the flue gas, so that the reduction gas becomes thick, easy to produce smoky defects.

In summary, China ceramic mug factoies think these are the 3 reasons for ceramic mug smoking. This can be drawn in the production stage, how to avoid producing smoked ceramic mug. Then, such a ceramic cup whether it affects the use, can buy it? Theoretical conditions, the smoke is produced inside the mug, the cup Outside the glaze to cover it inside, is not to affect the use. However, its aesthetics are not consistent with other ceramic mugs.

The process of making customized bone china dinnerware

Xinxiang ceramic mug manufacturer, The formation of bone china relies mainly on silicon oxide, aluminum oxide and calcium oxide, of which the higher the calcium oxide content, the better the color. In nature, there are not many sources of calcium oxide, so animal bone meal is chosen as the source of calcium oxide.

In fact, the so-called bone china is a bone china product made from the ashes of herbivorous animals (mainly Ca3(PO4)2) as raw material, mixed with high-quality kaolin, quartz and other auxiliary materials, and glazed and fired at 1280℃. Generally speaking, the raw material to add 25% of the bone powder can be called bone china, but today the world recognized the texture of the best bone china for 45% -51% of the content of bone powder, and to the cattle bone is good.

Its production process through to the grouting, mold pressing embryo, gypsum mold dehydration, as well as the initial firing, glaze firing, paste flower paper baking and other processes, the high temperature firing, become high whiteness, high transparency, fine custom porcelain mug. Bone china in the firing process, the degree of regularity, whiteness, transparency, thermal stability and other physical and chemical indicators are extremely high requirements, resulting in a high rate of scrap. Because of the material is exquisite, fine production, strict standards, so the value is higher than other kinds of porcelain.

Unique firing process and the addition of bone carbon, so that the impurities in the porcelain clay is eliminated, bone china appears more white, delicate, translucent, lightweight, very few defects, and thinner than the general porcelain, a special sense of cleanliness in the visual sense of the strength of higher than the general porcelain, is twice as much as the daily use of porcelain. The higher the content of bone meal, the clay content is relatively lower, in the production process, the easier it is to burn crack, in the molding requires higher technology, increasing the difficulty of firing, so it is more precious.

Some people have done this experiment, put 4 bone china cup pad in a Rolls-Royce under the wheels, these 4 crystalline cups can actually be competent to support the weight of the caravan!

High-grade porcelain and bone china similar to the shell porcelain and pearl porcelain, because the cost is too high almost no industrial production, so bone china is recognized as the world's most high-grade porcelain.

Play and collect:

1. British royalty, the United States of America, the upper middle class people drink tea, mostly with bone china mugs. The moment you meet bone china, her bones contain the aristocratic temperament inadvertently revealed!

2. Ceramics originated in China, but bone china was created in the United Kingdom, was a long time is the British royal family's special porcelain, unique and gorgeous. Just today, bone china is also a symbol of the owner's identity and status.

3. A collector of bone china once said that one should communicate with bone china by touch, sight and sound. If you do not understand, you should take the bone china in the hand, to the light to observe the bone china translucent, with the hands of the porcelain feel delicate and hard, and then gently with the index finger and thumb, you can hear the bone china, "ding" a crunch.

When eating is not just satiety, when dining into a fashionable life, so, what to eat is no longer the subject of our attention, where to eat has become a self-evident judgment, a taste, a mood, a kind of enjoyment and an identity!

The Royal Family's Favorite Things

British royalty, the U.S. middle and upper class people drink tea, mostly with bone china mugs, more than two hundred years favored by the British royal family, Queen Elizabeth, Prince Charles, Princess Diana are its honored guests.

The moment you meet bone china, her bones contained in the aristocratic temperament inadvertently exposed to the elegance. Bone china from the 18th century from the Age of Enlightenment, the royal family in Europe shine, become a nobleman table on the delicate bone. Bone china has been used by the British royal family for nearly 250 years, Russia's Queen Katherine is also a loyal supporter of bone china, had 952 pieces of bone china, from the 1902 Roosevelt Presidential White House Banquet, to 1935, the Queen Mary's first voyage on the luxury liner, to the Queen Elizabeth's coronation in 1953, the feast in the annals of history, bone china tableware is always in the list of the exquisite stature of the proud. In the European focus on the quality of life of ordinary people, it is easy to see the elegant hostess, with bone china brewing tea. The gentle golden border, just like outlining the details of a perfect life. There are many bone china pieces that have been honored by the royal family and made famous. When the hands of the bone china cup, see the light through the soft milky white, may wish to live a meticulous, into the hands of the special, the achievement of a story that has been passed down for hundreds of years.