Custom ceramic mug grouting process - Grouting operation process

Xin xiang ceramic mug manufacturer co.,ltd, Custom ceramic coffee mugs, slurry molding operation process Slurry molding operation process according to the type of product, slurry nature of different roughly need to go through the following processes:

1. Dose the mold

Before closing the mold should be the model of the working surface clean, no dry mud or dust. And check whether the working surface of the mold is clean, there are no holes and lubricant traces. If it is normal, you can close the mold, assembled model if there is a large gap, with soft mud to plug the gap at the joints, so as to avoid leakage of slurry. When using the model should not be too dry or too wet, the amount of water is generally controlled at 4% -6%.

2. Grouting

For single-sided grouting, the slurry filled model can be, such as mud layer thickening to the required thickness, pour off the model of the excess slurry, in order to avoid pouring off a small amount of residual slurry in the billet in the body of the surface of the uneven distribution of the production of slurry also need to pour off the slurry after the billet with a blank model for the dumping of slurry to ensure that the residual distribution of mud to avoid the production of strands of mud. Ceramic coffee mugs for double-sided grouting, must be supplemented with slurry until the model of the cavities within the slurry all into the blank. There is no need to pour and dump the slurry.

3. Green billet drying

Just formed due to the high water content of the injection, low strength and can not be immediately demolded, need to take the mold drying for a certain period of time, this drying is called green billet drying, in the green billet drying period, due to the evaporation of water and the mold continues to absorb water, the injection of water continues to decline, the billet contraction and detachment of the model, and at the same time gradually increase the strength, then can be demolded.

4. Demolding

After demolding, the blank should be held gently, put flat, put right, put stable, and prevent vibration.

5. Bonding

Bonding is the manufacture of pots, mugs and some small vases, altars and other daily-use porcelain and art porcelain, porcelain, sanitary porcelain, etc. can not be molded in one body of the necessary processes, the bonding process refers to a certain consistency of the bonding slurry will be formed into their respective parts bonded together.

For the bonding process, china ceramic mug factory report attention should be paid to the following aspects.

1). The degree of hardness and softness (water content) of each part. In bonding, the degree of hardness and softness of each part is not forced to be the same. Generally speaking, the part blanks should be slightly harder than the main blanks to prevent deformation, but not too big a difference, otherwise it will be due to different water content and contraction inconsistencies caused by cracked blank defects. Practice shows that the difference in moisture content between the two should not exceed 2% -3%.

2). Bonding mud. Bonding slurry general and the composition of the blank, so that the two expansion coefficients will not be inconsistent resulting in cracks, at the same time, but also to control the viscosity and mobility of the slurry, the general mobility to be good, the relative density adjusted to 2.0 or more, so that the slurry bonding will not crack. In order to bond firmly, but also in the bonding mud to add a certain adhesive (dextrin, methyl cellulose, etc.), but also in the mud to add about 30% of the glaze or other fluxes, so that it is at high temperatures and the body of the blank firmly combined.

3). Bonding contact surface. According to the bonding contact surface is different, the bonding can be divided into smooth surface bonding and hemp surface bonding. Sisal bonding refers to the two contact surfaces have a serrated knife scratched into a serrated shape, which can increase the contact area, so that the adhesive interface is more solid. Hemp surface bonding degree of hemp surface can also be based on the water content of the blank, such as low water content of the blank, the degree of hemp surface can be deeper; such as high water content, can be a little shallower. For large-scale sanitary ceramics have two different methods of operation; one is in the case of two bonding pieces of water content is appropriate, first of all, the two bonding paddle into the pavement; another case is the lower water content of the billet, so that the pavement can be used to brush the brush sticking to brush once again, directly with a thick slurry for bonding. These two operations can be mastered properly, you can get the same effect. After bonding, to scrape away the excess mud. At the same time, in order to prevent cracking and deformation, generally in the bonding place to stick a soft cloth or paper.

Customized Ceramic Coffee Mug Process 1 - Trimming the blanks

Xin xiang ceramic mug manufacturer Co.,Ltd, Ceramic coffee mug in the production process, the blank in the production process has a production process - repair blank.

For the bonded blank, because its surface is not very smooth, the edge of the mouth has a burr, some still have mold seams, and some products need further processing, such as digging the bottom, punching and so on, so it is necessary to further processing to fix the flat, known as the repair of the blank. Repair is a three-dimensional semi-finished product grinding process, so that it can adapt to the glaze operation and into the kiln firing of the fine billet. Repair is a necessary work in the injection molding and plastic molding industry. It has a great influence on the surface quality of the blank, and should be given enough attention. There are wet repair and dry repair. Wet repair is a lot of water in the body, still in the case of wet soft, suitable for more complex shape or need to be wet by the billet, this time the operation is easier and the knife is not easy to repair the billet is not easy to wear, the disadvantage is easy to move and operate in the process of the billet injury caused by deformation to improve the quality of the unfavorable. General bowls, pots, custom ceramic coffee mugs and other products that need to be processed, more wet repair, the moisture depends on the degree of processing to determine. Need plastic processing (such as perforation, etc.) and bonding of the blank, the wet repair moisture can be slightly higher, 16% - 19%, such as porcelain and fine ceramic blanks are generally 16% - 18%, while the coarse ceramic blanks are generally 8% - 16%. Wet repair methods, available scraper, foam molding scraping and polishing. Dry repair is in the body of the moisture content down to 6% - 10% or even lower moisture after drying (2%). At this time the billet strength increase, can reduce the deformation caused by moving injuries, to improve the quality of favorable, the disadvantage is that the dust is larger, but also on the repair of blank knife resistance is larger, easy to jump knife, repair the blank knife wear and tear is also larger, the operation of the technology is more difficult to master. Dry repair due to the low water content of the blank, available foam, rags, brooms, etc. dipped in water to repair the blank, can also be used to knife, sieve, etc. directly dry repair. Repair of blanks using many types of scrapers, different products, the shape of its use is also different. For example, sanitary porcelain repair scraper, according to its shape, can be divided into flat scraper, round scraper, crescent scraper three kinds. Flat scraper for the full semi-circular, generally adapted to repair the plane; round scraper is double arc, suitable for scraping the concave surface; crescent scraper for scraping the raised surface of the model counterpart seam traces, etc.. Scraper is generally double-sided blade, blade width in 5-10mm. scraping blanks according to the degree of convexity and concavity of the scraping blanks, change the scraper surface with the angle of the surface of the blanks for the operation.

When china ceramic mug manufacturers workers, repairing blanks, we should not only emphasize the appearance quality, but also pay attention to the prevention of other quality defects. Therefore, special care should be taken during the operation. For example, when dry repairing the body of the blank, pay attention to the following points.

1. Dirty plaster, dirty flannel, dirty sponge and mud flakes on the surface of the blank must be removed to prevent defects in the appearance of the finished product.

2. Use mixed water to wipe the blank to paste the brown eyes on the surface of the blank, so as not to affect the quality of the finished product appearance.

3. The blank itself has air bubbles, generally around 5mm, can be plugged with dry billet crumbles, and then rolled with a hard object. If the bubble is more than 5mm to see if it can be plugged, if not plugged, can be used to scrape the scraper to scrape flat, so that there are no obvious traces, in order not to affect the appearance of good. If the bubble is large and has a certain depth, it is regarded as scrap.

4. The surface of the blank has obvious bump must be scraped flat.

5. If there is a small crack of 10mm long and 2mm deep in a certain part of the body, you can use a scraper to scrape it until there is no crack, and then scrape the surrounding parts flat.

6. body grouting eye with traces of the parts, be sure to use a scraper to scrape off, in order to prevent the emergence of the finished product of the mud strand defects. Blanks by dry repair, but also for polishing, inspection. Check when a look at the body of the blank wash surface, hidden holes; look at the eye holes, etc.; three look at the mold seam; four look at the sticky mouth part; five look at the sanding of dry blanks when the defective parts of the technical processing effect; six look at the accumulation of water. After the inspection, but also dry blanks to find the crack work.

The role and categories of advertising ceramic coffee mugs

Xinxiang ceramic mug manufacturer CO.,Ltd, Mugs are particularly useful as a necessity that can be found everywhere in our lives. If an advertisement is implanted outside this mug, its impact on people can be imagined. Like the current market, ceramic mugs are available in a wide variety of patterns. Advertising mugs combine aesthetic and promotional effects. Consumers holding a company's customized ceramic coffee mug in their hands are practical and can maintain the advertising effect for a long time.

The outer wall of the mug is a very attractive place for our daily use. The mug, as our drinking tool, it is very close to us, no matter where we go, the cup is around, can not be ignored. If you separate an ordinary mug from the center and unfold its outer wall, you can see that it has such a large advertising area. Imagine if the mug was held in your hand, its body pattern would surely be very noticeable. What a loss it would be for you to put such a good advertising position and not advertise.

The main purpose of our advertisement is to make our products penetrate into the hearts of the people, and the advertising mug fits this feature perfectly, its position is particularly eye-catching, and it can achieve better advertising effect and last for an exceptionally long time. Why not?

Advertising mode of advertising mugs, How should a newly established company choose a mode of publicity to enter the market smoothly and become a well-known product, many companies are now increasing their investment in advertising. Nowadays, no matter what enterprises will use advertising to do brand promotion, the more common publicity in our life are TV ads, newspapers, brochures, the Internet, etc. With the continuous penetration of the Internet, nowadays it is also possible to use Facebook, Linkein, Google and other means to do publicity. But this kind of publicity has some of its own characteristics: large investment, the effect is not obvious, once stopped to renew the advertising effect is basically zero.

These advertising methods of publicity cost more, the best way for the enterprise is to spend less, and has a long-lasting advertising effect. Advertising coffee mugs can be embodied in life in a way that is more acceptable to people. No matter who can use it regularly, when people use it, they will remember the advertisement on it.

Advertising coffee mug is different from other promotional methods. It reflects more of a creativity and conveys a care to people. As a promotional business, it gains more popularity and good branding. The advertising mug makes the advertisement no longer a cold publicity, but an item that can bring warmth to people and bring the distance between the company and the customers closer.

The trend of advertising mugs China Ceramics Factory found in the sales process, there are many customers customized a large number of advertising cups, has been completely not a family of their own can be used up, to understand that these customers customized advertising cups are mainly used to give gifts, some customers customized as a gift to give away in their own business, some of which is a long time to customize their own image of advertising mugs, advertising cups printed their own image of the ads as long as to their own store to talk about business They will insist on sending it to others. And according to their response, the effect is still very good, consulting guests to take home, can be used in the invisible publicity of their own products, in addition, if there are friends to visit, with such a mug also help them to advertise.

There are also guests customized advertising mug, let us help them print contact information on the mug, which also invariably increase the publicity of the company's publicity efforts, there will soon be related to have customers call to consult. Therefore, these are the positive use of advertising mugs to bring the effect.

What is an advertising mug As the name suggests, an advertising mug is a kind of mug that has the expression or pattern of the merchant printed on a ceramic coffee mug for giving away to customers or bundling sales. At present, advertising mugs are not only made of glass, but also ceramic materials, plastic materials, stainless steel materials, paper materials, etc. With the development of the cup, the pattern of advertising mugs is also increasing. There are color glazed mugs, coated mugs, color changing mugs and so on. Writing here, maybe someone will ask what is the difference between advertising mugs and ordinary mugs. As a matter of fact, the biggest role of advertising mugs is to play the advertising effect, to effectively convey the information of goods, to improve the contact rate between consumers and their goods, and to leave a deep impression on their products. Since the advertising mug has this effect, how is its logo printed? Below, Xinxiang ceramics editor will tell you the answer.

Classification of advertising mugs According to the role of ceramic advertising mugs can be divided into: ceramic mugs, ceramic coffee cups, ceramic tea mugs, ceramic soup mugs, ceramic beer mugs, sublimation mugs, color-changing mugs, travel mugs, camping mugs and so on.

According to the raw materials ceramic advertising mugs can be divided into: ceramic, stoneware, bone china, white porcelain and so on.

According to the printing method ceramic advertising mugs can be divided into: decal, coating, hand-painted, printing and so on.

Customized advertising mug 1. Determination of advertising content: In order to provide the company's brand awareness, many companies or organizations will be in the gifts to customers or welfare products for employees to print the appropriate company information. Among them, ceramic advertising mugs are a good example. When we custom advertising mugs, we can print promotional pictures, text or logos on the mugs, so we need to prepare these messages in advance.

2.The size and material requirements of the advertising mugs: According to the different occasions of use, the size and material of the printed advertising mugs are also different. Some beverage stores, coffee bars, etc., because they are specific containers, so the customized advertising mugs are a bit big and the material is a bit delicate. If it is used in our daily life, the mugs needed will be smaller and the material requirements will not be so high.

3. Determination of the style of advertising mugs: In different occasions of use, each of our customized products must meet its own purpose. For some special environment use, may also need to consider the user habits and match with other items. Therefore, when doing customization of advertising mugs, the information about the style aspect should also be strictly controlled.

Advertising mugs are not only limited to ceramic advertising mugs, but also include mugs and thermos cups. All of these can be preserved on the surface making them unique items.

The process of customizing ceramic coffee mugs in 2024

Xinxiang ceramic mug manufacturer, A custom ceramic mug is a unique and personalized item that is perfect for a variety of occasions. Whether you want to give a gift to someone special or promote your business, a custom ceramic mug is an excellent choice.

One of the main advantages of a custom ceramic mug is that it can be designed to suit your specific needs. You can choose from a wide range of colors and designs, and even add your own text or logo. This means that you can create a mug that is truly one-of-a-kind, and that reflects your own personal style or brand identity.

Another benefit of a custom ceramic mug is that it is a durable and long-lasting item. Ceramic is a strong and sturdy material that is resistant to scratches and chips, and is also microwave and dishwasher safe. This means that your custom mug will continue to look great and function well for years to come.

Custom ceramic coffee mugs are also a great way to promote your business or organization. You can add your logo or branding to the mug, and give them away as a promotional item or as a gift to your employees or customers. This is a cost-effective way to increase brand awareness and loyalty, and to show your appreciation to those who support your business.

In conclusion, a custom ceramic mug is a versatile and practical item that can be used for a variety of purposes. Whether you want to give a gift or promote your business, a custom ceramic mug is a great choice that is sure to be appreciated by anyone who receives it.

Customizing a ceramic mug is a simple and straightforward process. China ceramic mug factories tell you, here are the steps to follow:

1. Choose the type of ceramic mug you want to customize. There are various shapes and sizes available in the market.

2. Decide on the design you want to put on your ceramic mug. You can choose from a wide range of colors, patterns, and graphics. You can even add your own text or logo.

3. Find a reputable supplier that offers customization services. You can do this by searching online or asking for recommendations from friends or colleagues.

4. Once you have found a supplier, provide them with the design you want to put on your mug. They will then create a mockup of the design for your approval.

5. After you have approved the design, the supplier will start the customization process. This typically involves printing the design onto the mug using a special heat transfer process.

6. Finally, the customized ceramic mug is quality-checked before being packaged and shipped to you.

Customizing a ceramic mug is a fun and creative way to add a personal touch to your mug, and it also makes for a great gift or promotional item. With the right design and a reputable supplier, you can create a one-of-a-kind ceramic mug that is sure to be appreciated by anyone who receives it.

To add more information, when choosing the type of ceramic mug to customize, consider the purpose of the mug. If it's for everyday use, a standard size and shape may be suitable. However, if it's a gift or promotional item, you may want to choose a more unique shape or size to make it stand out.

When deciding on the design, consider the recipient's interests or the branding of your business. A design that reflects their personality or your brand identity can make the mug more special and memorable.

It's also important to choose a reputable supplier that offers high-quality customization services. Look for reviews and check their portfolio to ensure they have experience with customizing ceramic mugs.

Overall, customizing a ceramic mug is a great way to create a unique and personalized item that can be used for a variety of purposes. With the right design and supplier, you can create a custom mug that is not only functional but also a work of art.

How to choose custom ceramic gifts?

Xinxiang custom ceramic mug manufacturer, customized ceramics is the pioneer of modern e-commerce, and it is a process that the development of the ceramics industry must go through. Under the current form of fast lifestyle, everyone can't help but choose customization. Ceramic customization, gift customization, this is a heart, an endorsement of the era of chasing independent personality.

There are many types of custom ceramic gifts, and how to choose is a clear purpose that many of us do not have. Ceramic gifts are different from other types of gifts. Ceramic products are easy to break, so they are more precious. Ceramic gifts are artistic and technical, and can be preserved for thousands of years with bright colors. There are so many types of ceramic gifts, what kind of gifts should we choose to achieve the effect of gifts and maximize cost savings.

Let's first see what kind of person the recipient is. For example, if you give the leader a set of ceramic tea sets, the Jingdezhen tea set with eight pieces of blue and white will be very stylish. The elegant atmosphere will soon be brought out. For example, a friend's housewarming needs to look at the layout of the friend's new house at this time. If a friend's living room is very large, this time porcelain plate paintings, pine cranes, landscapes, such porcelain plate paintings are artistic. Without losing the beauty of decoration. It's okay if your friend's living room isn't that big. Ornaments are also a good choice.

If the company gives gifts to employees during the festival, the selection of this kind of ceramic gifts is recommended, and the price is relatively small and practical. In addition, it is also a good choice, and you can customize your own signature and photos. These gifts are all work-use gifts. There are also some such as couples, family members. Some ceramic jewelry can be customized, such as badges, pendants, bracelets. Very beautiful. from China ceramic mug factories.

The choice of ceramic customization mainly depends on your budget for gifts, so you need to be familiar with the price of ceramics and the price of customization. The price of ceramics is generally divided into three categories, low-grade, medium and high-grade. Prices are also high, and ceramic customization options are available from these grades.

Personalization of advertising ceramic mugs

Xin xiang custom ceramic mug manufacturer, To pursue the personalized design of advertising mugs, it is necessary to do more publicity on the image of the mug body. An ordinary mug, as long as the personalized pattern printed on the body of the mug, this mug is not just a mug, it is a kind of art in itself, which not only improves its own value, but also the price will certainly rise. So, how to personalize the image outside the mug?

Image is best to have the most fashionable elements of the moment, which can be printed on the age group of consumers can be some cartoon patterns, star photos, this photo can also choose their own life photos, etc., in the appearance of impressing people this is the main thing.

1. Classification of advertising mugs

Common ceramic advertising mug according to the production process is divided into: ceramic printing mug and ceramic coating mug.

1). Ceramic printing mug: ceramic applique, is to use the paste method to move the color pattern on the paper to the ceramic body or glaze, also known as "flower shift", is the most widely used modern ceramics, a decorative technique. Pattern decoration to rely on printing reproduction method to achieve, that is, directly on the object printing patterns. For shaped and special requirements of the substrate material and substrate, it is necessary to use indirect decorative method.

2). Ceramic coating mugs: coated mugs are able to complete the transfer of the picture, how is it done? There are several important materials and a special process.

First, the surface of the mug has a special coating, hence the name coated mug. Secondly, the flower paper and ink for heat transfer printing are not ordinary. On the basis of these two hard materials, a heat transfer machine is needed to print the pattern onto the mug. Coated mugs are printed using heat sublimation coffee mug, where heat transfer ink is sublimated onto the coated ceramic mug at a temperature of about 200 degrees Celsius. Heat transfer mugs are more flexible and easy to print the image.

2. Characteristics of advertising mugs

1). Disseminate information and feedback information through advertisement to provide information basis for business management decision.

2). Shape a good corporate image through advertising, to attract talented people for the enterprise.

3). Guide consumers to normal and healthy consumption.

4). Promote the development of public welfare and spread social civilization.

5). Improve and enhance product image and enterprise image.

6). Improve the visibility of enterprises and products.

3. The advantages of ceramic advertising mug

Ceramic advertising mug, is one of the most "gift" want to advertise the way, economic value, green, wide range of high-frequency, permanent advertising, with advertising to the home, drinking water to think of the source of the effect, according to the enterprise advertising, promotional needs, will be the trademark information and creative planning tailor-made to the body of the cup.

1). Price advantage: as a promotional product or gift, the general price of the mug is not high, the surface can be printed with your company's text and graphics.

2). Practicality: as a daily necessity, it is one of the higher use rate of daily necessities, drinking water, imagine if your customers in the company or at home every day with your mug, a glass of milk, Qingtian, all the time not let him think of you, family at home, colleagues or friends in the company, in itself is a piece of mobile advertising.

3). Any pattern can be printed on the mug, looks elegant, fashionable, very personalized, with practicality, art and durability and other multiple effects. The company's logo, advertising slogan printed on the mug into an advertising mug, is the best choice for corporate image publicity products, product promotion publicity products, event souvenirs.

The improvement of people's living standards, pay more attention to the enhancement of the taste of life, reflected in the choice of daily necessities pay more attention to the performance of the spiritual value. Users pick the mug, will be more emphasis on the cup and their own pair, the mug of personalized design can reflect the user's appreciation of the eye.

In short, advertising cups can maximize their own expression through a simple mug. In this society that focuses on personality display, the future market of this industry will be unprecedentedly huge. As long as you are willing to invest, the return is unpredictable.

Production Process of Custom Color Glazed Coffee Mugs

Xinxiang custom ceramic mug manufacturer, Most of the ceramic coffee mugs that we commonly use are color glazed mugs. Whether it is ceramic mugs or cappuccino coffee cup and saucers, all of them come with a layer of glaze. Some coffee mugs come with a pattern on the body and bottom of the mug, and the pattern is mostly an applique process. Today, we discuss the most common customized The production process of ceramic color glazed coffee mugs.

Companies customize coffee mugs based on demand (either customer demand or the company's own demand). The customization includes: cup shape, size, capacity, color, and handle and lid. Xinxiang Ceramics Factory will start the formal production after confirming the demand with the buyers.

1. Prepare the blank clay

The raw material of the clay is made of quartz, feldspar, kaolin and water, through grinding.

2.Cupping production

Before we use semi-automatic lathe press, the new mold will be installed on the molding machine, first of all, the mold debugging (need to pay attention to: the new mold needs to wait for drying before using), and then cut the blank clay into the mold, press the lathe press handle, the machine head will fall into the mold. Handle, the machine head will fall into the mold rotation, billet system production is complete. 2023, Xinxiang ceramic factory installed a new fully automatic car table molding machine. 20 cups made at the same time, and the process does not require manual operation. In addition, the cup handles are usually made by grouting (which takes about 10-15 minutes to set). (It takes about 10-15 minutes to solidify and mold).

3. Washing and trimming

After drying, the mugs and handles are washed and trimmed. Currently, we have installed a fully automatic washing and trimming machine. After drying the mug body on the washing table, grinding edge. The handle needs to be manually trimmed.

4.Drying and assembling

After waiting for the mugs and handles to dry, they are assembled. The pressed blanks need to be left for 5-10 minutes for the blanks to harden. Remove the handle from the mug after it has solidified and molded. First, flatten the ends of the handle, then correct the excess clay on the handle. Finally, hold the handle in your hand and dip it into the clay, sticking the handle to the body to form the mug. and the body of the mug are glued together to form a complete ceramic mug. It takes about 20-30 minutes to dry the finished mug (increase the blowing force and temperature to speed up the drying process).

5. Glaze

Common mug type, the most common glaze technique is to dip the glaze. The specific operation of glaze dipping is divided into: manual glaze and machine glaze. Color glaze mug in the glaze link, according to the single-color glaze and double-color glaze, glaze techniques are different. To the ceramic mug glaze, but also to make a careful Fine study, so that the glaze is adapted to the requirements of the ceramic body, which is called the glaze formula. Decide a glaze formula, consider a lot of factors, should mainly grasp the following three points:

5.1 As the glaze can not be separated from the body and the existence of a separate, therefore, in the glaze research must first master the physical and chemical properties of the body, that is, the chemical composition of the body. Expansion properties, into boiling humidity and finished product performance requirements and so on. Among them, the glaze and billet expansion Coefficient of expansion of the glaze and billet with the appropriate, is the glaze after firing fixed on the surface of the billet good or not the main conditions. If the expansion coefficient of the glaze is smaller than the expansion coefficient of the blank, the glaze layer is peeled off during cooling; if the expansion coefficient of the glaze is larger than the expansion coefficient of the blank, the glaze layer is cracked during cooling. If the coefficient of expansion of the glaze is greater than the coefficient of expansion of the billet, the glaze layer will crack during cooling, and the product may even be damaged when excessive stress is generated between the billet and glaze.

5.2 The requirements for the glaze itself must be clearly defined, such as whiteness, transparency, chemical stability and mechanical properties.

5.3 Attention must be paid to the purity of the raw materials for the glaze. Because the raw materials combined impurities, such as iron, cobalt compounds for the whiteness of the glaze and dielectric properties, etc. will have a great impact.

6.Calcination

According to the color of glaze and demand, decide the temperature of calcination. In practice, the main observations are the temperature, sulfur and carbon content.

The ceramic mugs covered by the glaze are also known as color-glazed mugs. Color glazed mugs are superbly stable and aesthetically pleasing. The glaze is derived from ore and no toxic substances are added during the glazing process. Therefore, color glazed cups can be used in both microwave and dishwasher.

In recent years, with the rapid development of science and technology, the production technology of daily-use ceramics industry is also developing rapidly, some traditional backward equipment and complex production processes are being eliminated, replaced by isostatic pressure molding, automatic trimming and other intelligent, automated Advanced equipment and simple process, connecting the compact equipment and production lines. Ceramic mug manufacturers is a typical labor-intensive industry, with the development of the economy and labor costs continue to rise, by improving the production process of intelligent, automated, thus improving the daily-use ceramic industry's Production efficiency, become the future development trend of daily-use ceramic industry.

Custom Coated Mugs with Coating Foil and Printing Processes

Xinxiang custom ceramic mug manufacturer, Coated mugs are also called sublimation mugs, which is a kind of mugs specially used for heat transfer printing. As we all know, ordinary cups can't do heat transfer. So how can coated mugs accomplish the transfer of pictures? There are several important materials and a special process. Firstly, there is a special coating on the surface of the cup, so it gets the name of coated cup. Secondly, the flower paper and ink for heat transfer printing are not ordinary. On the basis of these two hard materials, a heat transfer machine is needed to print the pattern onto the mug.

1.Heat transfer coating

Using the world's two best performance resin materials silicone and PTFE (aka: Teflon, Teflon, PTFE, F4, Plastic King), synthesized a new generation of fluorosilicone modified thermal transfer coating.

1). History of Thermal Transfer Coating

At the end of the 20th century, there was a DIY gift boom in the U.S., which at that time was mainly clothes and things of that kind. Later, people wanted to apply this kind of things on top of porcelain, metal. But these things are more solid, can not complete the operation. Professor Smith of the University of Pennsylvania, the United States, developed into a graphite coating. This is the originator of the thermal transfer coating. With the development of the times. The coating is also constantly developing, from the past multi-molecule to single molecule.

2). Introduction of Thermal Transfer Coating

Early thermal transfer coating mainly uses thermosetting acrylic resin, amino resin, epoxy resin, or silicone resin, polyester, polyurethane, polyurethane and other modified synthesis, the application time has been more than twenty years. With the development of material science and technology, we have synthesized a new generation of fluorosilicone-modified thermal transfer coatings by using two of the world's best-performing resins: silicone and polytetrafluoroethylene (a.k.a. Teflon, Teflon, Teflon, F4, Plastisol) after a long period of experimentation.

Silicon is one of the most abundant elements on earth, one of the basic substances for the origin of life, and one of the most hygienic materials; tetrafluoroethylene is one of the most chemically stable resins and plastics, with excellent corrosion and weather resistance.

The physical state of the super thermal transfer coating resin is a viscous liquid, without adding any solvent, it is sprayed directly with a special spray gun with excellent leveling, and it can be fully cured by baking at only 200℃, and the gloss and pattern reproduction of the cured coating are excellent.

3). Characteristics of thermal transfer coating

(1). It can be repeatedly washed in dishwasher for a long time, the image does not fade, the edge of the pattern is clear, and the color does not spread;

(2). Ingredients are in full compliance with California FDA standards, and can be used to serve drinks or food directly.

(3). Excellent heat fastness, even if the image has just been transferred at 200 ℃ before it cools down, you can't pick it with your fingernails; the coating won't be broken when you collide with each other during hot water cleaning.

(4). When transferring the heat sublimation ink can be crosslinked with the coating reaction, generating new substances, pigments can be firmly fixed in the coating, even if the temperature is increased again, the ink will not diffuse to the un-transferred area; this feature can be two or more times in the same image of the cup or other artifacts with the material, randomly transferring the required picture.

(5). Transfer the characteristics of non-diffusion, can be applied to all daily-use ceramics, just ceramic decal paper pigments from high-temperature ceramic pigments, changed to thermal transfer ink can be, and decal the same way and the traditional way, just baking temperature from 800 degrees above down to 200 degrees, a large amount of energy savings, improve the clarity of the picture.

(6). Normal state can be used for 50 years, resistant to pressure cooker cooking or high pressure steam for a long time without dropping the coating does not fade.

4). Coating spraying operation

Spraying layer to the cup should have a certain method, otherwise the coating sprayed unevenly, will affect the quality of the coated cup.

A, dip-coating construction (can also be sprayed construction) ---- is suitable for small processing treatment

(1). Prior to processing: the surface of the treatment thoroughly clean; wipe dry with a cloth, do not have water; and then put in the oven to dry (150 degrees); after taking out the cold sure.

(2). Cold sure after the cup immersed in the grass-roots solution, in completely coated tilt out, if the mug, you can not let the coating immersed in the cup, porcelain mugs can not need to be soaked in the cup, only need to soak the outside can be.

(3). Put the soaked mugs in a dust-proof cabinet or in a closed room for 5-10 minutes, let the treatment cool and dry.

(4). Residual heat the oven to 200°C and bake the coated cups in the oven for about 15-20 minutes.

Attention:It must be stirred well before use, and seal the lid of the can after use. This product is flammable and dangerous goods, please keep away from fire and smoke, placed in a cool, dry place sealed and stored.

B. Spraying construction---applicable to a large number of processing treatment using tools.

(1). Spray gun (market reference price of 200-300 yuan)

(2). Air pump (air compressor) (market reference price of 1000 yuan -2000 yuan)

(3). Exhaust equipment, such as: axial fan (market reference price of 500 yuan - 600 yuan)

(4). Industrial oven with blower. (Market reference price of 1000 yuan - according to the production volume of different power to choose a different price)

Operation process.

(1). in the product surface according to the horizontal vertical horizontal vertical order evenly spray four times.

(2). in the room temperature dust (such as wooden cabinets) in the plane for 5-10 minutes, let the processed matter cool and dry.

(3). Bake in an oven at 200 degrees or higher for about 20 minutes.

(4). Allow to cool at room temperature.

2. Production of thermal transfer paper

The production process of thermal transfer paper is similar to the printing process, i.e. text, drawings, photographs and other original manuscripts by plate making, inking, pressurization and other processes, so that the sublimation thermal transfer ink is transferred to the base paper through the form of offset printing (or gravure printing, silkscreen printing). The base paper for transfer printing should Select high temperature, heavy pressure, prevent bleeding, high surface smoothness, low permeability of dye gas and high tensile strength paper, such as coated paper, 80 grams of double-glued paper, and so on. Sublimation thermal transfer ink selection is also a work that can not be ignored, the transfer image is bright, its resistance to friction, firmness, and so on. Whether the transferred image is bright, its friction resistance, firmness and adhesion is the strongest, the quality of sublimation thermal transfer ink plays a decisive role. The difference with printing is that the dye in the transfer ink is sublimated by heat and penetrates into the molecular structure of the object, and after sublimation, it forms a brightly colored Image. The image will not fall off, cracking and fading, sunlight resistance, so sublimation heat transfer products have the advantage of durability.

3. Bake printing operation

Clean the surface of the mug with a flannel, wrap the transfer paper around the mug, fix it with high temperature tape, put it in the mold cavity of the hot cup machine, push the pressure handle, if the pressure is too big or too small, you can adjust the push rod stroke.

Heat transfer cup baking machine operation:

Plug in the power supply, turn on the power switch.

Set the operation program:

Starting temperature: press the mode setting key once, at this time the setting indicator light is on, press the addition key or subtraction key to set the starting temperature.

Maximum Temperature: Press the mode setting key for the second time, at this time the temperature indicator light is on, press the addition key or subtraction key to set the maximum temperature.

Maximum temperature baking time: Press the mode setting key for the third time, at this time the time indicator light is on, press the addition key or subtraction key to set the maximum temperature baking time.

Pending execution state: Press the mode setting key for the fourth time, the machine enters the pending execution state.

Note: The starting temperature setting range is 200~380 degrees, the highest temperature setting range is 200~430 degrees. Maximum temperature baking time setting range 0~999 seconds. The baking temperature of sublimation cup is usually set at 200 degrees Celsius.

Quick baking: In the state of starting temperature, place the coated cup, press the pressure handle, press the execution key once until the buzzer gives out a long tone, and then press the execution key once, and the stamping is finished.

4. Coating cup type

There are many kinds of coated mugs, mainly ceramic mugs, side color mugs, inner color mugs, full color mugs, conical mugs, flared mugs, color changing mugs, animal mugs, children's mugs, coffee mugs, etc., there are a lot of styles of cups, which is more to meet the market demand.

Summarize

Coated mugs are printed by heat sublimation transfer, in which heat transfer ink is sublimated onto a ceramic mug with a coating at a temperature of about 200 degrees Celsius. The screen printing of heat transfer mugs is more flexible and convenient. For example, a small-scale corporate promotional activity requires dozens of gifts. Then we We can print the event photos or advertisement slogans onto the coated mugs. We can print as many mugs as we need. And we can print different patterns. Of course, if it is a large-scale publicity, the need for custom advertising mugs, or through similar China ceramic mug manufacturers direct production, better quality and price. direct production, better quality and lower price.

General Knowledge of Chinese Ceramics Calcination Technology

Xinxiang custom ceramic mug manufacturer, Ceramic mugs are all made by calcining in a kiln. So how are coffee mugs fired? What effect does the firing process have on ceramic mugs?

Ceramic mugs can actually be divided into three kinds in the firing process. One is a single firing. That is, from the blank clay to our commonly used ceramic coffee mugs, only through the kiln calcination once and molded. The second type is secondary firing. As the name suggests, ceramic mug blanks need to enter the kiln twice for calcination. into the kiln for calcination. The first time is unglazed firing, usually become "plain firing", the purpose is to increase the mechanical strength of the body, not easy to damage. Often larger or thinner bone china cups are often fired twice. After the first firing, the glaze is applied (for information on glazes, please refer to our factory's website). information, please refer to our factory's previous information), and then the second firing. Depending on the type of cup, the material and the glaze, the temperatures of the two firings are different. The third type is the triple firing, which requires three trips into the kiln. Often more complex ceramic pieces only need. The first time is plain firing, the second time is glaze firing, the third time is appliqued or hand-painted and then fired. Then in the firing process, the kiln temperature, oxygen content, heating time and cooling time, what is the impact on the ceramic coffee mug? The following details Introduction:

1. What is the oxidizing flame, reducing flame and neutral flame?

Flame in the kiln at different times have different properties. The nature of the flame can be roughly divided into three categories: oxidizing flame, reducing flame and neutral flame, different properties of the flame has different roles.

1). Oxidizing flame

Refers to the complete combustion of fuel when the flame, the flame must have a large amount of oxygen supply for complete combustion, when the kiln has sufficient oxygen, less CO. In order to make the billet in the moisture and all organic matter are evaporated and volatilized discharge, so that the billet to get the normal contraction, so in the kiln firing There must be an oxidizing flame stage in the process.

2). Reduction flame

Reduction flame is an incomplete combustion flame. At this time the kiln produces a lot of CO and hydrogen, no or very little free oxygen exists. Because the reducing flame can make the embryo body of high-value iron (Fe2O3) to be fully reduced to ferrous oxide (FeO), and become green, to eliminate porcelain Color yellowing phenomenon, so in the kiln firing process of daily-use porcelain, more reduction flame firing.

3). Neutral flame

Burning neutral flame produced in the kiln of carbon monoxide and hydrogen and into the kiln of air compounds almost equal, in a state of equilibrium. Its role is to make Yang ferrous no longer subject to oxidation, and finally make the body to achieve the purpose of complete glass. But control the neutral flame is very difficult However, it is very difficult to control the neutral flame, and it is often used to replace it with a weak reducing flame.

2. How to observe the flame color to determine the temperature and nature?

Ten years ago, Xinxiang ceramic factory is no testing equipment, engineers can rely on the naked eye to observe the flame color to determine the temperature and nature of the flame. This is because the color and concentration of light radiated by hot objects vary with the temperature. What we often see is the initial red flame with a temperature of about 600°C, dark red 700°C, cherry red 800°C, bright cherry red 1000°C, yellowish-white 1300°C, white 1400°C, and so on. This relies on experience to determine the temperature, can make up for each other with the detection equipment, has its irreplaceable.

The nature of the flame, in general, burning billet ceramics, 900 ℃ before the oxidizing flame, in order to prevent soot accumulation in the billet. 1000 ℃ or so is the reducing flame, so that the high value of iron into low value of iron, 1140 ℃ after the use of neutral flame. Five years ago, the plant installed testing equipment, for the The temperature control, oxygen, carbon monoxide detection is more accurate.

3. What is flat-burning insulation?

Flat firing insulation is to maintain a constant temperature for a certain period of time. The purpose is to keep the temperature up and down in the kiln at the same time, with no temperature difference.

1). Flat firing and holding during the dewatering period allows the water in the blank to evaporate safely, the quartz crystals to be transformed safely, and prevents the blank from cracking.

2). The purpose of the flat-firing heat preservation before glaze melting is to make the organic matter contained in the blank fully reacted under high temperature, and the waste gas produced is fully volatilized and cleaned up to avoid blistering of the cup.

3). In the glass stage of flat-firing insulation, so that the billet within the iron trioxide and silicate compounds to generate new substances - mullite, and feldspar and quartz synthesized feldspar glass.

4. What physical and chemical changes occur in the billet during kiln firing?

1). The physical changes that occur in the kiln firing process of the billet:

(1). Weight reduction: the result of evaporation of water, water of crystallization and organic matter in the raw material.

(2). Loss of plasticity.

(3). Change in color.

(4). Changes in voids, the evaporation of water and organic matter is accompanied by a gradual increase in the void ratio within the billet, to the point where glassing begins, the voids are again filled with solution, the particle cups are surrounded by liquid, and the voids are again gradually reduced, until the billet is sintered.

(5). Volume contraction: the volume of the billet is slightly swollen when the void increases, and gradually shrinks when the void decreases.

(6). Mechanical strength changes, the crystal lattice is destroyed, when the water of crystallization is evaporated, the crystals split, the mechanical strength of the billet decreases, to recrystallization, the mechanical strength becomes greater.

2). Chemical changes in the billet: changes such as oxidation and reduction, reduction occurs mostly before 250-900℃, decomposition occurs mostly before 500-1300℃.

(1). Decomposition of carbonate.

(2). Oxidation of carbon, sulfide and organic matter.

(3). The oxidative decomposition of carbonaceous and organic matter present in the billet begins above 600°C and continues to high temperatures, the gas produced at this stage must be completely discharged, otherwise it will cause blistering of the billet. C+O2=C02

(4). Strong reduction stage

This stage of the body of the blank of iron oxide and sulfate in the glaze layer before the closure of the body of the full reduction and decomposition.

(5). Ferrous oxide and silica to produce a glassy substance, promoting the sintering of the body.

5. firing kiln should pay attention to what problems?

1). Too rapid a change of temperature in the kiln will cause the ceramic mug to crack easily.

2). Insufficient oxidizing time and too fast kiln firing will lead to blistering of ceramic cups easily.

3). When the fire of the kiln is not even, it will easily lead to deformation of the body.

4). Uneven temperature in the kiln combined with over-firing will cause the ceramic mug to swell easily.

5). When the firing method and the nature of the flame are not suitable, the surface of the ceramic is easy to change color and produce stains.

6). When the cold kiln is too slow, the ceramic coffee mugs tend to be rough in section.

7). Burning reduction flame should not be too heavy, too long, otherwise the ceramic cup is easy to have soot stains.

6. The technical characteristics of rapid firing kiln

General tunnel kiln cross-section is large, ceramic products are densely stacked, the temperature difference between the various parts of the product is large, so it can not quickly and evenly heat and cool the ceramic products, resulting in a long firing cycle of more than ten hours.

Rapid firing of the kiln performance of the basic requirements are: the ability to uniformly heat and cool products, and can flexibly adjust the temperature and gas. In order to meet this basic requirement, rapid firing kilns have the following characteristics in terms of structure and materials:

1). Small cross-section

In order to achieve uniformity of temperature in the cross-section of the kiln, the cross-section tends to reduce the height and become flat. 1250-1300 ℃ fired ceramic mugs, the firing cycle requires only 60-90 minutes.

2). Low sulfur content

Rapid firing is best used in open flame direct heating, the fuel used requires no will, low sulfur content, such as natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, light oil, etc.. The sulfur content of the fuel for open flame firing should be 0.2%.

3). High-speed nozzle

High-speed nozzle has three advantages, fast combustion speed, strong space heat, and uniform temperature distribution. High-speed nozzle is an important technology to reduce the temperature difference in the kiln and realize rapid firing.

4). High quality kiln construction materials

In order to make the kiln temperature can be adjusted flexibly according to the requirements of the temperature curve. The kiln construction materials should be lightweight heat-resistant materials and lightweight insulation materials with low thermal conductivity, small thermal fusion, and certain strength.

5). Reduction of kiln furniture

In rapid firing, the kiln should be minimized or not used. A single layer is used to place the product. Elimination of kiln furniture improves heat transfer efficiency and flexibility of the kiln.

6). Advanced Conveying Methods

The general tunnel kiln uses bulky kiln cars to convey the billet, the kiln car heat storage is large, easy to cause the ceramic mug manufacturers heating and cooling lag, not suitable for rapid firing. Conveying methods for rapid firing include walking beam, pushing plate, roller conveyor, etc.

Characteristics of bone china mugs, identification, maintenance and the difference with porcelain

Xinxiang custom ceramic mug manufacturer, Bone china, the basic process is to animal bone charcoal, clay, feldspar and quartz as the basic raw materials, after high-temperature firing and low-temperature glaze fired twice made of a kind of porcelain. The two basic features of bone china are the essential basis for distinguishing bone china from other porcelains. Characteristic one: bone charcoal content of 36% or more (national standard); Characteristic two: after the second firing and become (plain firing, glaze firing). According to the bone china standard set by the United Kingdom, contains thirty percent from animal bones in the tricalcium phosphate, and the finished product has a light transmittance, to be called bone china. In the United States, the standard is at least 25%.

1. History of bone china

Bone china was first produced in England, invented around 1800. Bone china invention course is quite comical, began to Thomas Frye (Thomas Frye) in the manufacturing process accidentally mixed with animal bone powder, after Josiah Spode (Josiah Spode) continue to study and get, the earliest its basic formula is six parts of bone powder and four parts of the stone, but gradually developed into fifty parts of the bone powder and twenty-five parts of the stone and twenty-five parts of the clay, until today in the England has been recognized as the standard recipe. Over the past two hundred years, bone china through generations of master craftsmen's hands, gradually developed into the world's ceramic treasures.

The production of bone china began in England, but who actually made the first bone china is still not conclusive, the academic community generally believe that the first successful production of bone china in England is Josiah Spode (Josiah Spode) (1755-1827). Josiah Spode Josiah Spode made bone china by combining calcined Josiah Spode mixed calcined bone directly with china clay and mineral fluxes to become the traditional raw material for hard porcelain, which he successfully tested in the early 19th century. He then began a systematic study of formulas for the production of bone china, and by the end of 1821, the ratio of bone ash to china stone was "standardized", when feldspar was thought to be the most important raw material. At that time, it was believed that feldspar as a flux containing bone ash 46% of the blanks produced porcelain is the best product. After a long period of exploration, in 1756, an Englishman in the firing of porcelain in the kaolin add the use of animal bones ground into bone meal, surprisingly burned like fat like jade porcelain. Jade porcelain. Because of the bone powder this ingredient can increase the hardness and translucency of porcelain, and the strength is higher than the general porcelain, so it can be done than the general porcelain is thinner, more translucent, more white. This gave birth to a new type of bone china.

The emergence of bone china to make the British ceramic grade has taken a qualitative leap to meet the British consumers hope that not only high strength and elegant and beautiful porcelain requirements, so bone china was produced by a great deal of attention, bone china production process formula was imitated by industry insiders The recipe for the production process of bone china was copied by the industry and spread. The Longton region of England became the first production site for bone china. A number of workshops sprang up to try their hand at producing bone china.

John Doulton was one of the most famous representatives of bone china production. About 190 years ago, he set up his own workshop, which produced only rough earthenware. After his death, his son Henry followed in his father's footsteps and showed great skill in product reform and In 1877, because of his outstanding skills in the porcelain industry and the production of quality products, known as the "great potter" Henry was the King of England, "Sir" title, in recognition of his merits in the British porcelain industry. In 1901 In 1901, he was awarded by King Edward VII, was awarded the "Royal" trademark, become the world's consensus on the quality of bone china brand. 1966, rich in innovative spirit of Henry, once again won the "Queen's innovative industrial technology" award. So that it embarked on a porcelain career ROYAL DOULTON has gradually become the largest British bone china export manufacturer.

2. Characteristics of bone china

Bone china material is exquisite, fine production, strict standards, its regularity, whiteness, transparency, thermal stability and other indicators are extremely high requirements. Due to the complexity of high-grade bone china process, production is more difficult than ordinary daily-use porcelain, its production technology is difficult to popularize.

Bone china because of its unique shape, simple and bright, white and delicate texture, for a long time has been the aristocracy of countries with porcelain.

Bone china produced in the United Kingdom a high-grade porcelain, has a history of more than 260 years. Because of its "thin as paper, translucent as a mirror, sound as a chime, white as jade", the porcelain is delicate and transparent, beautiful and elegant, color surface glossy, colorful flower surface characteristics, achievements of its white texture and noble shape, both the use of the dual-value and art, the history of the palace specialties and the collection of treasures of the aristocracy. Bone china after generations of master craftsmen's hands, gradually become the world's ceramic treasures.

Bone china is the British royal special porcelain is also the Zhongnanhai designated porcelain mug, it is recognized as the world's high-grade porcelain. Bone china tableware not only has a beautiful appearance, but also has the quality of maintaining people's health. Bone china is in the traditional ceramic raw materials added to the animal bone powder after firing and become, tire thin and bright, with greater toughness. Bone china is a green ceramic spokesman, glazed bone china is fused to the picture in a high-temperature transparent glaze, and the picture is not easy to wear and tear, do not fall off, can be deservedly called "health ceramics".

Bone china material is exquisite, fine production, strict standards, its regularity, whiteness, transparency, thermal stability and other physical and chemical indicators are extremely high requirements. Bone china various Chinese and Western tableware with its high quality, high style, high grade to become a major star hotel upgrade must choose porcelain. Bone china tea set, coffee set family set has become the ideal appliances for all sizes of companies and wealthy families, but also the best gift for friends and relatives.

3.Bone china production process

1). Raw material

Excellent bone china is made by adding a large amount of cow's bone meal containing fewer impurities to the raw materials of feldspar, gueldspar, and clay as the main raw materials, and the molding is made by adding a large amount of cow's bone meal containing fewer impurities to the raw materials: because the raw materials contain a large amount of bone meal, it makes the clay less viscous, and so the molding needs to be made with extra care during the process of production.

2). Firing

(1). After the molding process to 1250 ℃ of the highest temperature calcination, calcination process due to bone china shrinkage is very large, so after kiln firing the finished product will shrink 20% (general porcelain shrinkage of 7%), so the shape of the deformation, plates, bowls, etc. must be placed on top of the special Converse bowl for a long time to burn training.

(2). After that, shape bending and size checking, grinding the surface with a sprayer sprayed with glaze, into the kiln for 1150 ℃ glaze firing.

3). Coloring

The general coloring method is to put transfer paper on the white texture of the finished product and fire it at 820℃.

Inspection Strict inspections are carried out at each stage, and only qualified products are sent to the next stage to be made into finished products for shipment.

4.The main characteristics of bone china

1). Appearance of beauty: porcelain is delicate and transparent, beautiful and elegant, colorful surface moist and shiny, colorful flower surface.

2). High-grade: produced in Britain, has long been the British royal family and the aristocracy of the special porcelain, is a high-grade porcelain, both the use and the double value of art.

3). Craftsmanship: the second firing, complex technology, only the United Kingdom, China, Korea, Japan, Germany, Russia, Thailand have production.

4). Processing is difficult: in the firing process, the degree of regularity, whiteness, transparency, thermal stability and other physical and chemical indicators are extremely high requirements, resulting in a high rate of scrap.

5. Identification of bone china

1). Color: bone china contains powder because the porcelain itself presents a natural milky white, in layman's terms is with a bit of yellow, this feature is any other porcelain can not be imitated.

2). Transparency: bone china itself to make the recipe for the reason that there is an important external feature is permeability, but this feature is not exclusive to bone china, the market of shellfish porcelain, white porcelain, pearl porcelain as long as you do some of the thin, there is also permeability, but bone china and their The permeability of bone china is different, for customers, bone china in the light bulb to see, bone meal content of high-grade bone china is the whole permeable, bone meal content of bone china and other types of bone china and other porcelain in the effect of permeability is a clear difference. Moreover, the same thickness of porcelain, bone The permeability of bone china is much higher than similar porcelains.

3). Sound: the two high-grade bone china products gently collide, the sound emitted like the sound of wind chimes as pleasant, and there will be a few seconds of echo, while the other porcelain species is basically no. 6.

6. Bone china maintenance

1). Try to wash by hand. If you really do not want to wash by hand, you need to choose a "porcelain and crystal" type of washing function of the dishwasher.

2). Do not microwave dishes that contain gold (unless they contain microwavable gold).

3). Choose a detergent with a pH value between 11 and 11.5.

4). When washing with water, the water temperature should preferably not exceed 80°C.

5). Do not immerse the hot cup directly into cold water to avoid damage to the porcelain by rapid change of temperature.

6). If the product is slightly scratched, use toothpaste to polish it gently to minimize the scratches.

7). If there are tea stains, use lemon juice or vinegar to clean.

8). It is better not to use the product in sudden heat or cold, in order to avoid cracking.

9). Don't put it on the open fire directly (except for the stewing pot).

10). Bone china is delicate and needs careful maintenance.

11). Bone china's in the process of use do not excessive hot and cold alternation, such as in the bone china poured into boiling water, should first use warm boiling water to scald the mug, and then poured into the boiling water, in order to prevent bursting.

7. Selection of bone china

1). Look: the color is milky white, the glaze is uniform, the tire is thin and bright, refreshing.

2). Listen: the left hand palm straight, stretching flat, the bone china vessel in the palm, the right hand hit the edge of the vessel, the sound is crisp and clear, there is a residual sound.

3). Transparent: the cup over the light source, light transmission, soft color for the best.

8. Classification of bone china

1). New Bone China

New bone china is generally called New Bone, Canton Fair no one in the name behind the word China, which was originally an ordinary high-white porcelain, calcium oxide content in the composition is slightly higher than ordinary porcelain, there is a certain degree of translucency, bone china mug manufacturers have given up a The name of a dragon and phoenix, called the new bone china. The main difference between its and bone china (bone china) has the following points:

(1). The raw materials used are different, bone china added more than 40% of bone meal, the new bone china did not add bone meal;

(2). Bone china is fired twice, while new bone china is fired once;

(3). Bone china has a softer whiteness than new bone china, higher transparency, lighter porcelain, and far better appearance than new bone china;

(4). Listen to the sound: the bone china in the heart of the hand, take a pen or a small stick to knock down the bone china bowl will sound like a bell like a ringing sound;

In short, the new bone china is not a new variety of bone china, but to borrow the name only.

2). Low Bone China

Low bone china, is a newly developed porcelain, and bone china has a few blood relations. Generally speaking, raw materials containing 10% bone meal porcelain can be called low-bone china, and bone china generally contains about 40% bone meal; it has and bone china comparable transparency, thinness and finish, but the price of the porcelain. Degree of transparency, thinness and finish, while the price is much cheaper than bone china. Therefore, just one side of the market by the low-grade hotels welcome. It has the following characteristics:

(1). The color of low bone china is the natural milky white color unique to natural bone powder, beautiful and generous!

(2). Appearance: fine and transparent porcelain, beautiful and elegant, colorful surface as jade, colorful flower surface.

(3). High strength, fine and hard products are not easy to wear and rupture, 180 ℃ and 20 ℃ heat exchange in water once without cracking, water absorption rate of less than 0.003%, suitable for dishwashers.

(4). With translucency, lightweight, mainly for mid-range hotel forecourt table, high-grade hotel table and kitchen use.

Although low bone china has most of the characteristics of bone china and popular, but there are differences between the two:

(1). The difference in the content of bone meal: generally contains 10% of bone meal can be called low bone china, while bone china needs to contain more than 30%.

(2). High bone china is required to be fired twice, while low bone china only needs to be fired once.

(3). High bone china is glazed after the product is plain fired and then glazed through a spray gun, while low bone china is glazed by simply dipping the entire clay blank into the glaze and then removing it to dry.

Note that, in general, most of the bone china produced in Tangshan is high bone china, Jingdezhen produced mostly low bone china.

9. The difference between white porcelain and bone china

How to distinguish between white porcelain and bone china when buying? In fact, the method is very simple. Summarized is the following four points: estimate the weight, look at the shape, identify the color, listen to the sound.

1). Estimated weight: weight above the white porcelain, bone china, the two comparisons, the same weight of the porcelain shape is generally said to be slightly heavier white porcelain, bone china lighter.

2). Observation shape: shape to distinguish, because of the process and raw materials, bone china relative to white porcelain is thinner, more rounded and smooth shape, better light transmission.

3). Identify the color: high-grade bone china porcelain fine and dense, smooth surface, glaze bright, color is a natural milky white, the higher the content of bone meal is more close to milky white, on the contrary, if the bone meal content is low, bone china itself is very obvious yellow.

4). Listen to the sound: from the tone, white porcelain is heavier and thicker, the two bowls touched by the "ding" sound, there is basically no echo; and will be two high-grade bone china bowls placed on the hands of the spread for the collision, note that bone china is a high-temperature firing of porcelain, hardness is very high, such a collision will not appear broken.

10. China's bone china status

China first began in 1976 by the first porcelain mug factory in Tangshan City and the Tangshan Ceramic Research Institute. With the improvement of people's living standards, bone china as the world's recognized high-grade porcelain, more and more sought after by people, and its market scale is gradually expanding. China's all over the strife All over China, a variety of bone china, the main places of origin: Hebei, Shandong, Guangdong, Jiangxi and other provinces, and the scale of the trend is expanding day by day.

Black smoke on ceramic mugs, does it affect use?

Xinxiang Custom Ceramic Mug Manufacturer, When we are shopping for ceramic mugs, occasionally we will see ceramic mugs inside or outside will have part of the mug body showing black gray, feel as if it was burned by the fire left behind the smoldering color. Do you know that such a coffee mug can be used normally? What is the cause of this?

Ceramic coffee mug partially or completely black and gray phenomenon is called smoky. This defect is because the billet oxidation is incomplete or reduction too early, so that the billet in the body of carbonaceous organic matter and low-temperature carbon deposits can not be burned out of time, the glaze layer is closed.

By the glaze layer is closed, the surface of the ceramic mug is black and gray, with the shape of smoke. According to Xinxiang ceramic manufacturer more than 20 years of experience in the production of coffee mugs know that the factors affecting the smoke are.

1. In the oxidation stage of burning small and medium fire insulation, oxidation is incomplete, part of the carbon residue in the body of the billet, so that the billet section was gray-black, especially when the billet contains a large amount of carbon in the use of clay, such as gangue, etc., it should be more in the glaze layer before the melting of the billet in the body of the full oxidation of the carbon. For the billet does not contain carbon products should also be in the fire insulation stage to strengthen the oxidation of coal-fired batch kiln and thick tire products, should pay special attention. This is because the batch kiln, ignition kiln temperature is low, more water vapor, plus this time the flue gas temperature is low, the chimney pumping force is weak, in the coal and pry furnace in a short period of time, the nature of the flame in the kiln is a reducing gas, at this time not only the carbon inside the body of the carbon can not be excluded, but also make the body of the billet deposition of carbon, especially when the kiln billet moisture content is high, it is easier to make the products produce water black. Therefore, the fire insulation stage (generally between 1000 ~ 1100 ℃), to maintain a strong oxidizing gas, and there is enough insulation time. That is to say, in the kiln operation, should control the grate on the ash layer, fire layer, the thickness of the coal layer, to ensure good ventilation, excess air coefficient is large, the fire layer of the combustion room clear Bright, each time you add the coal should be burned through, in order to make the billet get fully oxidized. Otherwise, the amount of coal added at this time is too much, the ash layer is too thick, poor ventilation under the stove bar, combustion does not penetrate, the combustion chamber produced by the free carbonaceous flue gas, long time to store in the kiln, and this stage, the billet stomata Rate and the largest billet, strong adsorption, it is easy to adsorb the smoke, resulting in carbon deposition, that is, we see the black and gray smoke pattern on the mug.

2. Reduction stage later, the reduction gas is too thick, that is, when the glaze has been melted, the kiln still maintains a strong reduction gas, but not in time to turn into a weak reduction gas or neutral gas, the product is still in the reduction gas, then the CO in the flue gas decomposition occurs at high temperatures resulting in the area of the material carbon, especially when using calcium glaze, it is easy to adsorb the smoke, thus causing carbon deposition, which is the black and gray smoke pattern we see on the cups. Calcium glaze, because CaO carbon absorption phenomenon is more serious, the most likely to form glaze smoky.

3. Ceramic mug black also need to analyze the billet glaze formula is reasonable. Such as the use of excessive CaO or other flux, so that the billet glaze prematurely produce liquid phase and melt, glass range is too narrow, so that the deposition of carbon can not be burned out in time, or too large a temperature difference between the kiln to ensure that the product gas changes, so that part of the product is in a chaotic gas. So that part of the product is in the chaos of the gas or fuel containing too much sulfur, its sulfur gas in the kiln to stay too long, then the sulfur will take the oxygen in the flue gas, so that the reduction gas becomes thick, easy to produce smoky defects.

In summary, China ceramic mug factoies think these are the 3 reasons for ceramic mug smoking. This can be drawn in the production stage, how to avoid producing smoked ceramic mug. Then, such a ceramic cup whether it affects the use, can buy it? Theoretical conditions, the smoke is produced inside the mug, the cup Outside the glaze to cover it inside, is not to affect the use. However, its aesthetics are not consistent with other ceramic mugs.

The process of making customized bone china dinnerware

Xinxiang ceramic mug manufacturer, The formation of bone china relies mainly on silicon oxide, aluminum oxide and calcium oxide, of which the higher the calcium oxide content, the better the color. In nature, there are not many sources of calcium oxide, so animal bone meal is chosen as the source of calcium oxide.

In fact, the so-called bone china is a bone china product made from the ashes of herbivorous animals (mainly Ca3(PO4)2) as raw material, mixed with high-quality kaolin, quartz and other auxiliary materials, and glazed and fired at 1280℃. Generally speaking, the raw material to add 25% of the bone powder can be called bone china, but today the world recognized the texture of the best bone china for 45% -51% of the content of bone powder, and to the cattle bone is good.

Its production process through to the grouting, mold pressing embryo, gypsum mold dehydration, as well as the initial firing, glaze firing, paste flower paper baking and other processes, the high temperature firing, become high whiteness, high transparency, fine custom porcelain mug. Bone china in the firing process, the degree of regularity, whiteness, transparency, thermal stability and other physical and chemical indicators are extremely high requirements, resulting in a high rate of scrap. Because of the material is exquisite, fine production, strict standards, so the value is higher than other kinds of porcelain.

Unique firing process and the addition of bone carbon, so that the impurities in the porcelain clay is eliminated, bone china appears more white, delicate, translucent, lightweight, very few defects, and thinner than the general porcelain, a special sense of cleanliness in the visual sense of the strength of higher than the general porcelain, is twice as much as the daily use of porcelain. The higher the content of bone meal, the clay content is relatively lower, in the production process, the easier it is to burn crack, in the molding requires higher technology, increasing the difficulty of firing, so it is more precious.

Some people have done this experiment, put 4 bone china cup pad in a Rolls-Royce under the wheels, these 4 crystalline cups can actually be competent to support the weight of the caravan!

High-grade porcelain and bone china similar to the shell porcelain and pearl porcelain, because the cost is too high almost no industrial production, so bone china is recognized as the world's most high-grade porcelain.

Play and collect:

1. British royalty, the United States of America, the upper middle class people drink tea, mostly with bone china mugs. The moment you meet bone china, her bones contain the aristocratic temperament inadvertently revealed!

2. Ceramics originated in China, but bone china was created in the United Kingdom, was a long time is the British royal family's special porcelain, unique and gorgeous. Just today, bone china is also a symbol of the owner's identity and status.

3. A collector of bone china once said that one should communicate with bone china by touch, sight and sound. If you do not understand, you should take the bone china in the hand, to the light to observe the bone china translucent, with the hands of the porcelain feel delicate and hard, and then gently with the index finger and thumb, you can hear the bone china, "ding" a crunch.

When eating is not just satiety, when dining into a fashionable life, so, what to eat is no longer the subject of our attention, where to eat has become a self-evident judgment, a taste, a mood, a kind of enjoyment and an identity!

The Royal Family's Favorite Things

British royalty, the U.S. middle and upper class people drink tea, mostly with bone china mugs, more than two hundred years favored by the British royal family, Queen Elizabeth, Prince Charles, Princess Diana are its honored guests.

The moment you meet bone china, her bones contained in the aristocratic temperament inadvertently exposed to the elegance. Bone china from the 18th century from the Age of Enlightenment, the royal family in Europe shine, become a nobleman table on the delicate bone. Bone china has been used by the British royal family for nearly 250 years, Russia's Queen Katherine is also a loyal supporter of bone china, had 952 pieces of bone china, from the 1902 Roosevelt Presidential White House Banquet, to 1935, the Queen Mary's first voyage on the luxury liner, to the Queen Elizabeth's coronation in 1953, the feast in the annals of history, bone china tableware is always in the list of the exquisite stature of the proud. In the European focus on the quality of life of ordinary people, it is easy to see the elegant hostess, with bone china brewing tea. The gentle golden border, just like outlining the details of a perfect life. There are many bone china pieces that have been honored by the royal family and made famous. When the hands of the bone china cup, see the light through the soft milky white, may wish to live a meticulous, into the hands of the special, the achievement of a story that has been passed down for hundreds of years.

Production process of customized branded ceramic coffee mugs

Xinxiang custom ceramic mug manufacturer, 1. Billet mud

Blending the ingredients into a puree. For specific ingredients see: Various raw materials for ceramic coffee mugs

2. Blank mold making

The factory uses a lathe press. After installing a new mold into the press, the mold is first adjusted (note: the new mold needs to wait for drying before it can be used), then the cut blanks are put into the mold, and the head of the press is dropped into the mold and rotated, and the blank production is completed. The mug handle is usually made by grouting (it takes about 10-15 minutes to solidify and mold).

3. Assembly

The pressed blanks are left for 5-10 minutes to harden. Remove the handle from the mug after it has solidified. First, flatten the ends of the handle, then correct the excess clay on the handle. Finally, holding the handle in your hand, dip the handle into the clay and glue the handle and body together to form a complete ceramic coffee mug. It takes about 20-30 minutes to dry the finished mug (increase the blowing force and temperature to speed up the drying process).

4. Repair

After drying ceramic mug blanks need to trim and wash. The purpose is to remove the protruding particles on the surface of the mug, and the bottom of the mug will be polished smooth. After trimming and washing the mug blanks, the final drying. This takes about 10 hours until all the water in the mugs has evaporated.

5. Glaze

Glaze the completely dried mugs. There are many types of glazes (Ingredients and Classification of Glazes: The characteristics and functions of 7 glazes of ceramic mugs). In the glazing session, the simplest is a single-color glaze, in which the entire molded cup is placed in the glaze. If the mug requires multiple glaze colors, the operation is a bit more complicated. An example is the common two-tone glazed mug - one color on the outside and another color on the inside. The glazing process for a two-color glazed mug is as follows:

1). Glaze the mouth of the mug. The mouth of the mug is where the two colors connect, so it requires special treatment. The mouth of the mug should be dipped in the corresponding glaze, and to prevent the two glazes from overlapping, the glaze that dips the mouth of the mug should be filled with a water-resistant agent.

2). Glaze the inside. Place the branded ceramic mug with the mouth down into the machine. With the movement of the conveyor belt, the glaze nozzle will invert the inside wall of the mug, evenly sprayed with glaze color.

3). Glaze the outer wall. After drying the mug, put it into the glaze liquid, the industry is called dip glaze.

6. Enter the kiln

The glazed mugs will be dried, you can enter the kiln firing. Time is more than 10 hours, according to the mug type different time is also different. In addition, according to the customer's requirements for the color of the mug, there are high temperature firing, medium temperature firing and low temperature firing.

7. Out of kiln

Out of the kiln The finished ceramic mugs are cooled in the kiln.

8. Decorate the paper

According to the customer's requirements, the picture will be made into flower paper. At present, there are many kinds of flower paper, more detailed see: Decal paper categories and decal techniques for ceramic coffee mugs At present, the most commonly used is the small film flower paper. Small film flower paper is composed of the bottom layer of base paper (also known as paper base), the middle layer of the sol, and the surface of the cover oil. Small film paper in accordance with the different barbecue temperature can be divided into: high-temperature flower paper and low-temperature flower paper.

1). The main component of low-temperature flower paper is ink material, the production of color material is slow to dry, need enough time to fully dry completely before the second process; low-temperature flower paper firing temperature: baked 120-180 degrees. Low-temperature flower paper paper affordable, colorful, versatile, glossy, three-dimensional sense of strong, anti-corrosion environmental protection, but the adhesion is relatively weak.

2). High-temperature paper: glazed, glazed, under the glaze, glazed paper firing temperature of 780 degrees or so, glazed paper, firing temperature 1250 degrees to 1380 degrees; high-temperature paper wear resistance is good, long time to place there will be no peeling off the phenomenon of color loss, strong adhesion, but its price is higher than the low-temperature paper, easy to burst flowers and other phenomena, the temperature of the difficulty of controlling a single.

Sometimes according to different colors to choose a different temperature. Especially with gold flower paper, the temperature is too high easy to burn black, discoloration; too low if the color is not bright enough, dark. After the paper is attached to the cup, it is fired in the kiln. According to the different paper, set the firing temperature.

Lastly, there is the tearing process. There are two kinds of film tearing: cold tearing and hot tearing (cold tearing is to tear the film before baking the flowers, and the other is to tear the film after baking for hot tearing), cold tearing every time you stick, the time for 10-24 hours is the best time. Try to put in a cool and ventilated place, easy to tear the film. Winter weather is colder, generally use hot tear.

In summary, customized personalized ceramic coffee mugs, from the ore to the finished product of the whole process of change. Of course, the production process of each factory is not very different, but the quality of the product, the grade of raw materials and the level of craftsmanship is still different. If you want to customize branded ceramic coffee mugs, it is recommended to choose a professional ceramic production factory.